《迷失的男孩》：

空间视域下“神的事工”的创伤叙事

蒋栋元 朱 哲

内容提要：《迷失的男孩》讲述了作者布伦特 · 杰夫斯及其哥哥克莱恩、布兰登

和达夫等人在美国摩门教原教旨主义教会管控下的多舛命运。权力不仅充斥于以沃

伦 · 杰夫斯为首的教会空间和社区空间，而且还渗透到信徒的家庭空间，实现对其

管理和惩戒。孩子们在一夫多妻制的父权家庭中，缺失父母之爱而成为弃儿；在摩

门教基要派社区和非摩门教社区里被疏离和边缘化，失去人生目标而成为“他者”；

在虚妄伪善的教会的规训下，对宗教信仰深感迷茫。小说揭示了教会以“神的事工”

的名义对孩子们进行权力操控，造成其身心创伤，包括家庭创伤、社会创伤和宗教创

伤，使其在生存空间中举步维艰。

关键词： 《迷失的男孩》　神的事工　空间　权力　摩门教原教旨主义

作者简介：蒋栋元，中国矿业大学外文学院教授，研究方向为英语文学、宗教文化。

朱哲，中国矿业大学外文学院副教授。主要从事翻译理论与实践、英语教学法研究。

本文为“中国矿业大学‘十三五’品牌专业培育项目”成果之一。

Title: Lost Boy: A Spatial Perspective on the Traumatic Narrative of “God’s Work”

ABSTRACT: Brent Jeffs’s memoir, Lost Boy, narrates how he and his brothers,

Crane and Dave, used to suffer under the control of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus

Christ of Latter Day Saints (FLDS). In his narrative, space is where power politics op-

erates. Power not only permeates the church and community spaces headed by Warren

Jeffs, but also penetrates into the believers’ family space, controlling and punishing them.

The children become outcasts in polygamous patriarchal families where parental love is

absent. They are marginalized and alienated by the FLDS and non-Mormon communities,

losing their goal of life and becoming “the other.” Subjugated by the discipline of a hypo-

critical church, they become confused about their religious belief. This article argues that

by wielding power, the church, in the name of “God’s work”, traumatizes children physi-

cally and mentally, resulting in family trauma, social trauma, and religious trauma.

Keywords: Lost Boy, God’s work, space, power, the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus

Christ of Latter Day Saints (FLDS)

Authors: Jiang Dongyuan <cqdyjiang@163.com> is a professor at School of For-

eign Studies, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China (221116). His

research interests include English literature and religious culture. Zhu Zhe <2329@cumt.

edu.cn> is an associate professor at School of Foreign Studies, China University of Min-

ing and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (221116), specializing in translation theory

and practice, and English teaching methodology.

面向创伤的叙事与疗愈

— 关于《追寻卡西亚托》中的积极想象

卢　姗

内容提要：于1979年获得美国国家图书奖的小说《追寻卡西亚托》是当代美国

小说家蒂姆 · 奥布莱恩的扛鼎之作。在文本叙事中，奥布莱恩以荣格分析心理学中

的积极想象作为媒介，不仅完成了对创伤记忆的替代性陈述，而且构建了对待创伤

的叙事策略，以此作为叙事文本中创伤疗愈的核心并充满了救赎的潜能。

关键词：奥布莱恩 《追寻卡西亚托》 积极想象　创伤记忆　创伤叙事　无意识

作者简介：卢姗，女，吉林警察学院中外语言系讲师，文学博士，主要研究方向为

美国文学。本文为教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目蒂姆 · 奥布莱恩小说文本的创

伤叙事及文化记忆（17YJC752021）的阶段性成果。

Title: Trauma-Oriented Narrative and Healing: The Active Imagination in Going

After Cacciato

ABSTRACT: Going After Cacciato, receiving the National Book Award in 1979, is

one of the best works of the American novelist Tim O’Brien. In its textually rich narra-

tive, O’Brien explores the active imagination, deploying Jungian analytical psychol-

ogy. The active imagination is the medium for not only representing trauma but also

constructing an attitude towards trauma that comes to serve as a core for both healing

and redemption.

Keywords: Tim O’Brien, Going After Cacciato, active imagination, trauma memory, trauma narrative, unconscious

Author: Lu Shan <lushan1978@163.com> is a lecturer at Sino-foreign Language

Department, Ji Lin Police College, Chang  Chun, China (130117). Her research mainly fo-

cuses on contemporary American literature.

历史悲剧萨科 — 樊塞蒂审判案的喜剧再现

— 评马克 · 比奈利的《萨科和樊塞蒂死定了》

刘启君

内容提要：萨科—樊塞蒂审判案是美国司法史上最声名狼藉的审判之一，案件激

发了大量呈现往事、重提旧案的文艺创作。马克 · 比奈利的长篇小说《萨科和樊塞

蒂死定了》正是这个历史事件衍生出来的最新文化遗产。作者巧妙地把无政府主义

人士和喜剧表演者联系到了一起，以喜剧的模式再现历史的悲剧，在新的语境下对

历史陈案和后埃利斯岛移民经历进行再思考与再书写。通过历史事实和小说虚构的

糅合和互文，作者把两位左翼文化偶像拉下了神坛，还他们以普通人的真实面貌，表

达了拉开时间距离之后，当代知识分子对历史更加冷静的认识和对文学与历史、文

化、政治权力关系的探讨。

关键词：萨科 — 樊塞蒂审判案 《萨科和樊塞蒂死定了》 无政府主义喜剧 后埃

利斯岛移民经历

作者简介：刘启君，上海外国语大学讲师，主要从事美国现当代文学与文化研究。

Title: Historical Tragedy as Comic Representation and the Sacco and Vanzetti Trial:

A Review of Mark Binelli’s Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die!

ABSTRACT: The Sacco and Vanzetti Trial is one of the most notorious trials in

American legal history. Many artistic works represent this historical event; Mark Binelli’s

Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die! is the most recent. Binelli suggests similarities between an-

archists and comedians through retelling the tragedy in a comic mode and representing the

post-Ellis experience in a new context. By incorporating both historical facts and fictional

depictions, Binelli pulls two left-ring cultural idols off their pedestal, portraying instead

two real-life characters. Time and distance help the author to reexamine the trial and re-

consider the relationship between literature and history, culture and power.

Keywords: Sacco and Vanzetti Trial, Sacco and Vanzetti Must Die!, anarchic come-

dy, post-Ellis experience

Author: Liu Qijun <yatou@shisu.edu.cn> is a lecturer at Shanghai International

Studies University, Shanghai, China (200083), specializing in contemporary American

literature and cultural studies.

引导、评论、深化文本主题

— 《拥有快乐的秘密》中的类文本及其叙事功能分析

郭建飞　许德金

内容提要：本文以爱丽丝 · 沃克的《拥有快乐的秘密》中的类文本及其叙事功能

为主要研究对象，聚焦作为类文本的献词、题记、致读者、致谢等要素，通过具体的例

证分析，指出它们在文本叙事中主要存在三种功能：引导、评论及加强深化文本叙事

的主题。首先，在时空位置上先行出现的献词引导着文本叙事的方向，为揭示文本

主题做铺垫；其次，作者借小说的题记，或补充文本叙事，或讽喻文本主题的形式对

文本叙事进行评论；最后，作者通过致读者和致谢将虚构文本中的叙事导引和延伸

到现实世界，通过对比真实事例深化和加强文本叙事对于非洲女性“割礼”的强烈控

诉这一主题思想。

关键词：爱丽丝 · 沃克 《拥有快乐的秘密》 类文本 叙事功能

作者简介：郭建飞，中山大学博士生，吉首大学国际教育学院讲师，主要从事

非裔美国文学研究；许德金，中山大学外国语学院教授，博士生导师，主要从事叙

事学和非裔美国文学研究。本文系国家社科基金项目“非洲裔美国人自传的类

文本研究”（13BWW64）及湖南省社科联项目“爱丽丝 · 沃克小说的创伤书写”

（XSP18YBC054）的阶段性成果。

Title: Guiding, Commenting, and Reinforcing Thematic Concerns of Textual

Narratives: An Analysis of Paratexts and Their Narrative Functions in Possessing the

Secret of Joy

ABSTRACT: This paper studies the paratexts and their narrative functions in Alice

Walker’s Possessing the Secret of Joy, with a special focus on its paratextual elements,

including its dedication, its epigraph, and the sections “To the reader” and “Thanks”.

The paratexts as such fulfill three main functions for the textual narrative: guiding,

commenting, and reinforcing or deepening the theme. The dedication serves as a guide for

the textual narrative and paves the way for revealing the theme more vividly. The epigraph

serves as a kind of commentary in the form of satire and/or supplying more information

for the text. In “To the Reader” and “Thanks”, the author extends the seemingly fictional

narrative text to real-world cases with an even stronger study of the cruelty of the crimes

inflicted upon African women, reinforcing the thematic concern of the textual narrative.

Keywords: Alice Walker, Possessing the Secret of Joy, paratext, narrative function

Authors: Guo Jianfei <guojianfei2018@163.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at School

of Foreign Languages, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China (510275), and a

lecturer at College of International Education, Jishou University, Jishou, China (416000).

Her academic interest is in African American literature. Xu Dejin <xudejin1999@163.

com> is a professor of English at School of Foreign Languages, Sun Yat-Sen University,

Guangdong, China (510275), specializing in narratology and African American literature.

约翰 · 霍尔姆斯的《行走》

— 引领垮掉派文学及其旅行叙事的开山之作

徐思园　田俊武

内容提要：约翰 · 克列伦 · 霍尔姆斯是被世人遗忘了的“垮掉派”文学之父，其

代表作《行走》开创了“垮掉派”纪实小说之先河。小说不仅真实再现了“垮掉派”

原型人物在纽约的漫游、派对、酗酒、吸毒和性爱生活，而且也深度反映了他们在迷

惘中的求索和对家园的追求。万花筒般的地理景观变化、漫游路径和交通工具的描

写赋予小说纽约旅行指南的特征，小说中对“垮掉派”作为一个群体的定义也使得世

人首次了解“垮掉派”的总体特征。正是靠阅读霍尔姆斯的《行走》，杰克 · 凯鲁亚

克才创作出著名的《在路上》。因此，发掘霍尔姆斯及其《行走》中的旅行叙事，对于

认识“垮掉派”文学及其旅行叙事特征具有重要意义。

关键词：霍尔姆斯 垮掉派 《行走》 纪实小说 旅行叙事

作者简介：徐思园，北京航空航天大学外国语学院博士研究生，主要研究方向为

美国文学；田俊武，北京航空航天大学外国语学院教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向

为美国文学。本文为教育部哲学社会科学后期资助重大项目“美国20世纪小说中的

旅行叙事研究”（18JHQ004）的阶段性成果。

Title: John Clellon Holmes’s Go: A Pioneering Novel of the Beat Generation and Its

Journey Narrative

ABSTRACT: John Clellon Holmes was the forgotten father of Beat Generation

literature, and his masterpiece Go pioneered the genre of Beat Generation roman à

clef. This novel not only realistically represents the wandering, party-holding, alcohol

drinking and love making of the archetypal figures of the Beat Generation, but also

profoundly expresses their spiritual quest and longing for an authentic family. The

kaleidoscopic changes of geographical landscapes and detailed description of wander-

ing routes and travel vehicles characterize the novel as travel guide to New York, and

the detailed definition of the Beat Generation as a group makes this coterie known to

the public. It was just after reading Holmes’ Go that Jack Kerouac wrote his On the

Road, the Bible of the Beat Generation. Therefore, rediscovering Holmes and his Go

is important for examining the features of Beat Generation literature and their journey

narratives.

Keywords: Holmes，Beat Generation, Go, roman à clef , journey narrative

Authors: Xu Siyuan <46497228@qq.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at School of For-

eign Studies, Beihang University, Beijing, China (100191), specializing in American

literature. Tian Junwu <tjw1966@163.com> is a professor at School of Foreign Studies,

Beihang University, Beijing, China (100191), specializing in American literature.

《寒冬夜行人》：元小说文本阐释的博弈策略

潘书文

内容提要：任何文学文本的批评几乎都无法摆脱理性分析与审美缺失的困境，

似乎理性分析是揭示作品审美价值的必要手段。然而，这往往以丧失作品的审美感

为代价。卡尔维诺却反转思路，通过元小说《寒冬夜行人》的创作，不仅从作家创作

的视角叙述了创作过程，而且创造性地从读者阐释的视角，艺术地叙述了元小说的

阐释原则，通过第二人称“你”的叙述，将作者、读者、文本有机融合在一起。他把读

者“你”作为主人公写入了文本，使其兼具阅读与被阅读、自我阅读的多重身份，表

现了作者、读者与主人公之间以及他们内在自我心灵的对话博弈，充分揭示了小说

创作的复杂性和矛盾性，增强了文本诠释的审美性，探索出了创作理念阐释与艺术

审美相融合的一条新路径。

关键词：伊塔洛 · 卡尔维诺　《寒冬夜行人》　安贝托 · 艾柯　元小说　博弈策略

作者简介：潘书文，南京师范大学外国语学院讲师，博士生，主要研究方向为文

化符号学、意大利文学。本文系2019年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目

《文化符号学视域下的意大利作家卡尔维诺晶体小说研究》（19YJC752022）、江苏高

校优势学科建设工程三期项目（20180101）的阶段性研究成果。

Title: Game Strategy in the Text: Interpretation of Calvino’s Metafiction If on a

Winter’s Night a Traveler

ABSTRACT: Criticism of any literary text can hardly eliminate the dilemma

of rational analysis and aesthetic deficiency. It seems that rational analysis is a nec-

essary means for revealing the aesthetic value of different literary works. However,

this often comes at the cost of losing the aesthetic sense of the work. Calvino, on the

other hand, reversed this process. In his metafiction If on a Winter’s Night a Travel-

er, he not only describes the creative process from the perspective of the writer, but

also describes interpretative principles of the metafiction from the perspective of the

reader. Through his second person narration, the author, the reader and the text are

organically integrated. Calvino portrays the reader as the protagonist in the text, and

enables the reader within the text to have multiple identities — of reading, being read

and self-reading — thus representing the conversational game between author, read-

er and the protagonist as well as their subjectivity. Calvino’s metafiction reveals the

complexity and contradiction inherent within novel creation, enhances the aesthetic

nature of textual interpretation, and explores a new way to integrate literary criticism

and creative writing.

Keywords: Italo Calvino, If on a Winter’s Night a Traveler, Umberto Eco, metafiction,

game strategy

Author: Pan Shuwen <crainny6@hotmail.com> is a lecturer and a Ph.D. candidate

at the School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing,

China (210097), specializing in cultural semiotics and Italian literature.

虚假的力量：兼论艾柯小说的主题

张　琦

内容提要：在《虚假的力量》、 《悠游小说林》、 《傅科摆》等不同类型的文本中，艾

柯反复书写了一个主题：假与真。作为后现代理论重要的演绎者，艾柯的观点在当

代西方批评话语中具有一定的代表性。本文通过分析《虚假的力量》以及《傅科摆》

等小说，对艾柯的阐述提出几点供讨论：1. 人类生活各种事件、观念固然不可避免落

在文本上，并受写作者的影响，但文本性是否就是认识事物的全部？ 2. 由此延伸出

来的对“真”的质疑，考量视角是否有局限，而结论又是否忽略了应有的衡量标准。

关键词：艾柯　虚假　真理　文本性

作者简介：张琦，南京大学外国文学研究所，主要从事西方文论和英美文学研究。

Title: Force of the False: A Subject in Umberto Eco’s Novels

ABSTRACT: In his “Force of the False”, Six Walks in the Fictional Woods, and three

novels The Name of The Rose, Foucault’s Pendulum, and The Island of The Day Before,

Umberto Eco exhibits an enduring interest in the idea of “the false and the true”. As a noted

postmodern theorist, Eco’s viewpoint and interpretation reflects common features of current

Western critical discourse. Exploring his essay “Force of the False” and three novels, this arti-

cle attempts to pose some questions about Eco’s views on textuality and “truth”.

Keywords: Umberto Eco, the false, truth, textuality

Author: Zhang Qi <zhangqi440x@sina.com.cn> is an associate professor at the

Institute of Foreign Literature, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210093). Her research

work focuses on Western literary theory and criticism, as well as British and American

literature.

以艺术之名

— 《拱与蝶》中城市文本的隐喻解析

余玉萍

内容提要：阿拉伯布克奖获奖小说《拱与蝶》是一部“诗与思”相交汇的作品。

小说无情揭露了摩洛哥当下社会政治、经济、社会和文化发展中的诸多不良现象，映

射出当代摩洛哥城市发展进程中所遭遇的各种难题。作者艾什尔里对诗性的追求，

确凿地体现于对艺术的特殊关注。本文从后现代主义空间批评与城市书写相关理论

出发，选取小说中与艺术相关的几个重要意象，如拱梁、蝶楼、马赛克地板画与酒神

雕塑，将它们置于“城市文本”这一较新的视阈下，结合故事情节解析层层隐喻，揭

示其中所蕴含的权力关系和文化价值观。

关键词： 《拱与蝶》　城市文本　隐喻 艺术

作者简介：余玉萍，文学博士，对外经济贸易大学外语学院教授、博士生导师，主

要从事阿拉伯现当代文学研究。

Title: In the Name of Art: A Metaphoric Analysis of the Unban Texts in The Arch

and the Butterfly

ABSTRACT: The Moroccan novel The Arch and the Butterfly, which won the 2011

IPAF, is a work with profound themes and poetic beauty. The novel uncovers negative

phenomena which have occurred alongside political, economic, social and cultural devel-

opment in Moroccan society, and reflects upon various problems which have emerged in

the process of contemporary urbanization. The author Mohammed Achaari’s pursuit of

poetry is reflected through his special attention to art. Based on postmodern spatial crit-

icism and city writing theory generally, and from the perspective of “urban text” specif-

ically, this paper intends to highlight several images related to art within the novel, such

as the arch bridge, the butterfly building, the mosaic floor painting, and the statue of Bac-

chus, and offers a metaphoric analysis of the power relationship and the cultural values

implicit in the plot.

Keywords: The Arch and the Butterfly, urban text, metaphor, art

Author: Yu Yuping <sophieyu2003@sina.com> is a professor at the School of

Foreign Studies, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China

(100029), specializing in Arabic modern and contemporary literature.

跨国视阈下的历史确证与神话祛魅

— 劳伦斯 · 希尔《血缘》中的边界穿越

綦　亮

内容提要：从真正的跨国界，尤其是北美研究视角来看，源自奇卡诺研究的边

界研究在关注美墨边界的同时，应该把视野拓展至美加边界。非裔加拿大作家劳伦

斯 · 希尔的《血缘》对美加边界进行了深度文学再现。作品讲述生活在美加两地的

凯恩黑人家族长达一个半世纪的边界穿越故事，其中对19世纪凯恩家族史的追索尤

其值得关注。通过叙写该时期家族成员在美加边界的穿行，小说一方面确证了加拿

大黑人的历史身份，折射出19世纪中期北美黑人的跨国流动，为加拿大黑人文学文

化研究提供了文学佐证；同时深入到“北极星神话”和约翰 · 布朗起义背后，对美加

历史文化的神话进行祛魅。《血缘》这类作品对于丰富边界研究的维度，促进跨国文

学研究的多元发展，具有积极意义。

关键词：劳伦斯 · 希尔　《血缘》　跨国主义　边界研究　历史　神话

作者简介：綦亮，苏州科技大学外国语学院副教授，主要从事英语文学研究。本

文系国家社科基金项目“加拿大黑人英语小说研究”（16BWW081）的阶段性成果。

Title: A Transnational Interpretation of History and Myth: The Border Crossing in

Lawrence Hill’s Any Known Blood

ABSTRACT: Border studies, arising mostly out of Chicana/o studies, have al-

ways favored the Mexico-US border, ignoring largely the Canada-US border, which is

equally important from an authentic transnational, especially North American Studies

perspective. Lawrence Hill’s novel Any Known Blood explores the Canada-US bor-

der with insight. By chronicling the border crossing stories of the black Kane family,

spanning more than a century and half, and by paying particular attention to the 19 th

century family history, the novel attests to African-Canadian community history, offer-

ing a literary testimonial for African-Canadian literary and cultural studies concerning

the transnational migration of the black people in North America in the mid-19 th century.

Meanwhile, it critically examines the “North Star Mythology” and John Brown’s Rebellion,

exposing the constructive nature of Canadian and American history and culture. Works like

Any Known Blood are crucial to both border studies and the development of transnational

literary studies.

Keywords: Lawrence Hill, Any Known Blood, transnationalism, border studies,

history, myth

Author: Qi Liang <petery23@163.com> is an associate professor at School of

Foreign Languages, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China

(215009), specializing in English literatures.

创作”人生

— 尤瑟纳尔“苦炼”之自由

张　璐

内容提要：《苦炼》是尤瑟纳尔创作成熟期的代表作，作者通过描绘主人公泽农

勇毅不屈、苦求真理的人生历程，阐释了自己对自由的理解与思考。作者在此人物

身上倾注了异乎寻常的个人情愫，泽农之于作者，不仅是作品中虚构的角色，更是在

作者主观投射下的另一个自我。本文通过对比尤瑟纳尔的创作人生与泽农在作品《苦

炼》中的求真历程，解读二者生命轨迹中最关键的某些时刻，进而揭示尤瑟纳尔和泽

农苦炼自由的人生如何从反叛、束缚、挣扎，最终走向对自我的认同与内心的回归。

关键词： 尤瑟纳尔　《苦炼》　创作人生　自由

作者简介：张璐，广东外语外贸大学西方语言文化学院法语系讲师，主要从

事法国文学、巴黎符号学派等方向的研究，本文为教育部人文社会科学研究青年

基金项目“互文与对话理论视野下的尤瑟纳尔作品研究”（18YJC752049）、广

东省教育厅青年创新人才类项目“尤瑟纳尔作品：互文与对话中的个体与世界”

（2017WQNCX044）的阶段性成果，受广东外语外贸大学高层次人才引进项目资助。

Title: Inventing a Life: Yourcenar’s Freedom in The Abyss

ABSTRACT: The Abyss is the representative work of Marguerite Yourcenar in her

maturity as a writer. The author depicts her comprehension of freedom through tracing

the life of the protagonist Zenon who seeks the truth unyieldingly. This character has an

unusually personal relation to the author: Zenon is not only a fictional person in the work,

but also another self or the author’s subjective projection. By comparing Yourcenar’s

life of writing and Zenon’s truth-seeking process in The Abyss, this article identifies and

interprets some of the most critical moments in the life of the two, and then outlines how

Yourcenar and Zenon both lived a free life that began with rebellion, bondage, struggle,

which finally culminated in a return inwards, with revelations concerning identity and

selfhood.

Keywords: Marguerite Yourcenar, The Abyss, inventing a life, freedom

Author: Zhang Lu <yueling6699@163.com> is a lecturer of the European

Language and Culture Institute, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou,

China (510420), specializing in French literature and Parisian semiotics.

布朗肖《黑暗托马》中的“共通体”分析

奚麟睿

内容提要： “共通体”是布朗肖后期的重要概念，同时在其思想体系中也有重要

意义。共通体将布朗肖的众多思想命题串联在了一起。共通体建构在主体本质的孤

独与主体和他者的中性关系之上。共通体的实现开始于主体向着死亡的迈进，而死

亡又将主体与他者联系在了一起。但是以死亡为纽带的主体与他者的关系也最终将

走向陌异，而共通体也最终走向了不可能。虽然对于布朗肖而言，不可能成为了共

通体的本质，但是对共通体的讨论会将把我们重新引向他者，并使我们对纯粹的主

体与纯粹的理性进行反思。

关键词：布朗肖　共通体　他者　死亡　不可能性

作者简介：奚麟睿，华东师范大学法语系本科生，研究方向为当代法国文学、哲学。

Title: Deadly Imminence and Impossibility: “Community” in Blanchot’s Thomas

l’Obscur

ABSTRACT: The concept of community is crucial in the late career of Maurice

Blanchot, and inhabits a remarkable position in his thought system. Community connects

a multitude of Blanchot’s thought propositions. Community is constructed on the basis of

the essential solitude of the subject and the neutral relationship between the subject and

the other. The realization of community begins with the subject moving towards death,

which in turn links the subject with the other. However, the relationship between the sub-

ject and the other linked by death will eventually become strange, and community will

also become impossible. For Blanchot, though the impossibility becomes the essence of

the community, a discussion of community will lead us back to the other, and to reflec-

tions on the pure subject and pure reason.

Keywords: Blanchot, community, the other, death, impossibility

Author: Xi Linrui <725502082@qq.com> is a B.A. candidate at Department

of French, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China (200241), specializing in

contemporary French literature and philosophy.

“空白”的伤口：

论莫迪亚诺小说中的大屠杀创伤书写

刘　曦　王大智

内容提要：“空白”构成莫迪亚诺大屠杀创伤书写的一大特色，它不仅是创伤人

物的显著特质，也是反复出现的重要主题，其叙事结构与表现手法均是对大屠杀创

伤的一种映射。叙事空白以“不写之写”再现幸存者的危机，空间空白以“不在之

在”展现创伤的代际延续，记忆空白以“不忆之忆”书写被遗忘的遇难者。同时， “空

白”召唤读者参与文本空间建构，引导读者凝视大屠杀的伤口，使小说具有意味无穷

的审美效果与伦理关怀。

关键词：莫迪亚诺　大屠杀 创伤　空白

作者简介：刘曦，大连外国语大学法语系讲师，南京师范大学外国语学院博

士生，主要研究方向为当代法国文学、翻译学。王大智，大连外国语大学法语系教

授，研究生导师，主要研究方向为当代法国文学、翻译学。本文系辽宁省社科规划

基金“后现代视阈下莫迪亚诺在中国的译介与接受研究”（L17CWW005）、辽宁

省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目“全球伦理与文学翻译：莫迪亚诺汉译研究”

（2016JYT04）的阶段性成果。

Title: “Blank” Wound: On the Holocaust Trauma in Patrick Modiano’s Writing

ABSTRACT: Blankness constitutes a major feature of Patrick Modiano’s trauma

writing. It is not only the predominant trait of his traumatised characters, but also a recur-

rent theme in his novels. The narrative structure and techniques of those works reflect Ho-

locaust trauma. Narrative indeterminacy mirrors the crisis of survivors with “non-writing”;

the empty space represents intergenerational transmission of trauma via “non-being”; and

a blankness of memory writes of the forgotten victims via “non-memory”. Such blankness

calls on readers to participate in constructing a textual space, and guides readers’ gaze to-

wards the wounds of the Holocaust for both aesthetic and ethical effect.

Keywords: Patrick Modiano, the Holocaust, trauma, blankness

Authors: Liu Xi <auroreliu@126.com> is a lecturer at the French Department,

Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Dalian, China (116044) and a Ph.D. candidate at

School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China

(210097), specializing in contemporary French literature and translation studies. Wang

Dazhi <dazhi807@163.com> is a professor at the French Department, Dalian University

of Foreign Languages, Dalian, China (116044). Her recent research interests include

contemporary French literature and translation studies.

记忆的影像性

— 《别让我走》中的不可靠叙述

沈安妮

内容提要：石黑一雄的《别让我走》中的不可靠叙述一直以来是批评关注的焦

点。但少数提到三个克隆人之间关系的评论均聚焦于主人翁凯茜在克隆人小团体中

被排斥的受害者处境，而忽视了其对三人关系回忆的不可靠性。本文结合罗兰 · 巴

特的媒介理论解析凯茜带有记忆影像特点的不可靠叙述,这具体体现为凯茜用一种

给人明晰印象的语言来模糊并掩盖原本复杂的事实。通过分析小说中被叙述者的记

忆媒介所模糊的文本细节，本文揭露了凯茜爱情的臆想性实质，以及构成其悲剧的

来自克隆人内部的重要原因。

关键词：石黑一雄　《别让我走》　记忆 不可靠叙述

作者简介：沈安妮，北京大学文学博士，耶鲁大学博士后，现任厦门大学外文学

院助理教授，主要研究领域为当代英国小说。本文为2019年度国家社会科学基金后

期资助优秀博士论文项目“跨媒介的审美现代性：石黑一雄的三部小说与电影的关

联研究”的阶段性成果（19FWWY002）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“石黑

一雄的五部小说与电影的关联研究”的阶段性成果（20720191001）。

Title: The Filmic Texture of Memory: Unreliable Narrative in Ishiguro’s Never Let

Me Go

ABSTRACT: The protagonist Kathy’s unreliability in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let

Me Go has been the center of critical engagement with the novel. But the few critics who

have paid attention to the love-triangle the protagonist is embedded within typically see

Kathy as a victim ostracized from the group, and overlook the possibility that Kathy may

have misread the situation due to her flawed memory. This essay examines Kathy’s mem-

ory-based unreliability through Roland Barthes’s theories of film and media. I argue that

Kathy’s memory has a filmic texture, enabling her to blur the complexity of a situation

with a discourse which is both assertive and straightforward. Only by focusing on the

peripheral details in the text can we uncover the disillusion inherent within Kathy’s love,

and the fact that her tragedy is part of her own making.

Keywords: Kazuo Ishiguro, Never Let Me Go, memory, unreliable narrative

Author: Shen Anni <anni.shen@yale.edu> is an assistant professor of English at the

College of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China (361005).

She is currently doing postdoctural study as a postdoctural fellow at Yale University. Her

research field is contemporary British novels.

写作的伦理：

民族悖论与奈保尔的后殖民文学创作

皮宾燕　张洪兵

内容提要：本文以诺贝尔文学获奖者奈保尔的两部作品《模仿者》和《在自由的

国度》为研究文本，探讨作家如何再现并反思民族悖论的历史经验，以及他在写作中

如何与殖民帝国和现代民族国家都保持一种伦理距离。文章指出，奈保尔的写作伦

理建立在对后殖民时代人们的生存状态与欲望的真实再现的基础上，它挑战了殖民

帝国和民族国家的意识形态与文化。

关键词：殖民帝国　民族悖论　后殖民主义　写作伦理

作者简介：皮宾燕，华中师范大学外语学院讲师，华中师范大学文学院博士生，

主要研究方向为当代英美戏剧。张洪兵，美国菲耶维尔州立大学语言文化与交流系

教授，主要研究方向为英美诗歌和中国现代文学。

Title: The Ethics of Writing: National Nonsense and V. S. Naipaul’s Postcolonial

Writings

ABSTRACT: This paper examines two writings by the Nobel Prize winner V.S.

Naipaul: The Mimic Men (1969) and In a Free State (1984). In particular, it studies

how Naipaul reflects on the historical experiences of national nonsense—the seemingly

contradictory existence of transnationality in nationality—and how he manages in his

writings to keep an ethical distance from both the colonial empires and the nation-states

in the postcolonial world. His ethics of writing is based on an imperative to represent the

existence and desire of people in the postcolonial world, furthermore it challenges the

ideologies and cultures of both the colonial empires and the nation-states.

Keywords: colonial empire, national nonsense, postcolonialism, ethics of writing

Authors: Pi Binyan <676368396@qq.com> is a lecturer of English and a doctoral

student at Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China (430079), specializing in con-

temporary Anglo-American drama. Zhang Hongbing <hzhang1@uncfsu.edu> is a pro-

fessor of Chinese at Fayetteville State University, USA, specializing in modern Chinese

literature and Anglo-American poetry.

作为存在性事件的逃离

— 从事件理论视角解读艾丽斯 · 门罗的小说《逃离》

丁心怡

内容提要：逃离是文学作品中的一个常见母题，易卜生、福楼拜等都曾予以涉

猎，2013年的诺贝尔文学奖得主艾丽斯 · 门罗更是将其当成了几乎贯穿所有作品的

主题。纵观这些作品中所描绘的种种逃离现象，不难发现其表面形态虽各不相同，

内在本质却是同一的，即主人公逐渐察觉到了对生活的幻想与生活的本来面目之间

的矛盾与龃龉，因此意欲通过出走或逃离来加以克服。从这里可以看出，逃离之所

以会成为一种常见的主题，是因为作家们将其视为生活中的一种重大存在性事件。

因此，本文拟从西方当代思想中的事件理论出发，对艾丽斯 · 门罗的短篇小说《逃

离》进行探析，还原小说中三次逃离的模态与本质，并揭示出艾丽斯 · 门罗留给读者

的警示：事件性的、真正的逃离需要智慧，也需要足够的勇气。

关键词：逃离 事件　幻想架构　实在 主体性

作者简介：丁心怡，浙江大学中文系文艺学专业博士研究生，研究方向是事件哲

学和文学事件理论。

Title: Runaway as the Event of Being: An Event Analysis of Alice Munro’s Run-

away

ABSTRACT: Runaway is a common motif in literary works including Ibsen’s and

Flaubert’s. It appears in almost all literary works by Alice Munro. Although the runaways

in her works follow various patterns or have various motivations, they share one common

theme: the protagonist gradually realizes the contradiction between “reality” and “the

real” and therefore wants to resolve the contradiction by running away. Thus, it is clear

that the runaway is an important existential event in real life. This article studies the three

runaways in Munro’s short story “Runaway” to reveal Munro’s message to the reader: a

successful runaway requires wisdom and courage.

Keywords: runaway, event, imaginary structure, the real, subjectivity

Author: Ding Xinyi <dxy0713@163.com> is a Ph.D. student at School of Chinese

Language and Literature, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (310028), specializing in

literary theory.

试论索恩伯《生态含混》对东亚文学作品生态意识的揭示与误读

李　臻

内容提要：作为国际比较生态批评研究的首部力作，美国学者索恩伯的《生态含

混》分析了东亚文学中反映的生态意识和社会现实，论述了作品中人与自然关系的

复杂性和矛盾性，批判了东亚传统文化模糊的生态性和当地社会对生态问题的错误

认知等问题。该书开拓了比较文学研究的新视野，但其评价标准也存在着片面性。

索恩伯在一定程度上忽视了东亚国家特定的社会生态与自然生态的关系，淡化了西

方殖民主义和工具理性给东亚造成生态灾难的责任，选择性使用理想化的西方生态

主义理论作为标准，对东亚传统文化和生活方式做出片面化的定性，其结论呈现出

西方中心论的色彩。本文以东亚文化为立足点对其进行分析和辩驳，力图为跨文化

生态批评开辟更加全面和辩证的视角。

关键词：比较生态批评 《生态含混》 索恩伯 东亚文学

作者简介：李臻，天津职业技术师范大学外国语学院讲师，研究领域为比较文学

与比较文化、生态批评。

Title: Thornber’s Misreading of Ecological Consciousness in Ecoambiguity

ABSTRACT: As the first masterpiece of comparative ecocriticism, American schol-

ar Karen Thornber’s Ecoambiguity analyzes ecological consciousness and social reality in

East Asian literatures, explores the complexity and contradictions within the relationship

between humanity and nature in literary works, and criticizes such issues as ecological

vagueness in East Asian traditional culture, the misunderstanding of ecological problems

in local communities, and so on. The book opens up a new field for comparative liter-

ature, but its evaluative criteria are somewhat one-sided. Thornber largely ignores the

relationship between the ecologies of the social and the natural in eastern countries, and

downplays the fact that the West caused ecological disasters through colonization and in-

strumentalized rationality. The book selectively uses some idealized Western eco-theories

as a standard to make a one-sided qualitative assessment of traditional Eastern cultures

and lifestyles. Its conclusion tilts toward Western centrism. This article analyzes and re-

futes Thornber’s conclusion to seek a more comprehensive and dialectical perspective for

cross-cultural ecocriticism.

Keywords: comparative ecocriticism, Ecoambiguity, Karen Thornber, East Asian

literature

Author: Li Zhen <johnli12006@163.com> is a lecturer at Tianjin University of

Technology and Education, Tianjin, China (300355), specializing in comparative litera-

ture, comparatire culture, and ecocriticism.

白人性研究：族裔文学研究新视角

陈后亮　马　可

内容提要：1990年代既见证了所谓“理论的终结”，又见证了白人性研究的迅速

崛起。“白人性”是指以白人肤色为基础建构起来的一套种族制度或神话。它无处不

在却又隐而不见，被视为种族主义问题的根结所在。白人性研究从1960年代以来的

批评理论中借鉴批评方法和话语资源，把批判的武器对准自认为没有问题的白人一

方，去反思和批判以白人性为中心的诸多问题，包括白人性的社会建构、白人特权与

霸权以及无知作为种族主义同谋的方式等。它的最终目的是为了揭示不公正的等级

制度被制造、维系和再生的深层机制，为实现真正的种族正义和平等创造条件。同

时，白人性研究所提出的新概念、新理论也为文学和文化批评实践提供了启发。如

何避免本质主义思维以及被学术化的命运则是它需要解决的主要问题。

关键词：白人性 白人特权 种族契约论 族裔文学研究

作者简介：陈后亮，华中科技大学外国语学院教授，主要从事美国非裔文学及西

方文论研究；马可，华中科技大学外国语学院博士生，主要从事18世纪英国文学及

西方文论研究。本文为国家社科基金一般项目“‘后理论’背景下当代西方文论热

点研究”（18BWW001）、国家留学基金访问学者项目（201906165004）的阶段性

成果。

Title: Whiteness Studies: A New Perspective on Ethnic Literary Studies

ABSTRACT: The 1990s witnessed both the so-called “end of Theory” and the

rapid rise of whiteness studies. “Whiteness” refers to a racial system or mythology based

upon white skin. Omnipresent while invisible, it is the root cause of racism. Borrowing

critical approaches and discourses from critical theories since the 1960s, whiteness studies

targets what is beyond question in the racial structure: whiteness, and by so doing, reflects

and critiques many issues that center on whiteness. Through examining the construction

of whiteness, white privilege and supremacy, as well as white ignorance as a means of

complicity, whiteness studies endeavors to expose the deep mechanisms which structure,

maintain and reproduce an unfair hierarchy, so as to pave the way for the realization

of racial justice and equality in the real sense. Whiteness studies can help literary and

cultural studies through its new concepts and theories, while it also faces the dilemma of

essentialism and institutionalization.

Keywords: whiteness, white privilege, racial contract, ethnic literary studies

Authors: Chen Houliang <chenhouliang@hust.edu.cn> is a professor of English

at School of Foreign Languages, Huazhong University of Science and Technologies,

Wuhan, China (430074). His academic interests include African American literature and

literary theories. Ma Ke <make@hust.edu.cn> is a Ph.D. candidate at School of Foreign

Languages, Huazhong University of Science and Technologies, Wuhan, China (430074).

Her academic interests include eighteenth-century British literature and literary theories.

罗兰 · 巴尔特论俳句

— 从片段式书写通向伦理诗学视域下的中性写作

惠天羽

内容提要：法国理论家罗兰 · 巴尔特始终致力于对片段式书写的实践与研究。

他在日本文化当中发现了一种逼近语言零度的书写形式即俳句并将其确立为写作

幻想式。俳句因其以瞬间呈现一种确信而被巴尔特视为接近于摄影意识对象的“这

个曾经是”。为了超越零度造成的纯文学的死亡困境，巴尔特融合西方术语中的“圣

显”与东方禅道哲学的“顿悟”重新阐释瞬间诗学的可能性。他受列维纳斯伦理学

的启发将俳句对真实瞬间的触动命名为“真实时刻”，并借助绘画理论与戏剧理论在

一种建基于与他者的社会关系从而超越现在的时间观中设想写作。巴尔特通过“真

实时刻”的叠加构想片段式书写的连续性，他对俳句的思考由此过渡到了对文学之

未来即中性写作的想象与建构，其理论亦呈现出了一种伦理诗学转向。

关键词：罗兰 · 巴尔特　俳句　片段式书写　中性写作　伦理诗学

作者简介：惠天羽，西北大学文学院讲师，主要研究领域为罗兰 · 巴尔特与法国

理论。

Title: Roland Barthes on Haiku: From Fragmentary Writing to Neutral Writing from

the Perspective of Ethical Poetics

ABSTRACT: French theorist Roland Barthes has always been committed to the

practice and research of fragmentary writing. In Japanese culture, he discovered a kind

of fragmentary writing that is close to the linguistic zero: the haiku, and viewed it as the

fantasme of writing. The haiku was regarded by Barthes as the consciousness of photog-

raphy: “it has been” (ça-a-été). In order to surpass the death dilemma of pure literature

caused by the zero degree, Barthes reinterprets the possibility of instantaneous poetics by

integrating the “epiphany” in Western terms and the “satori” of oriental Zen philosophy.

Inspired by Lévinas’s ethics, he named the trigger of the real instant induced by the haiku

as “the real Moment” (le Moment de vérité) and used theories of painting and drama to

conceive writing as asocial relationship with the Other that could transcend the present.

Through the superimposition of “the real Moment”, Barthes conceived the continuity of

fragmentary writing, and his thoughts on haiku, as a result, transitioned to the imagination

and construction of the future of literature, namely neutral writing, which reflected his

theoretical turn to ethical poetics.

Keywords: Roland Barthes, haiku, fragmentary writing, neutral writing, ethical po-

etics

Author: Hui Tianyu <loveinmyjob@126.com> is a lecturer at Faculty of Liberal

Arts, Northwest University, Xi’an, China (710069). Her research interests include Roland

Barthes and French Theory.

“史化规约”与“忆化规约”：

回忆录的两种认知模式

覃　琳

内容提要：认知叙事学关注读者的阐释过程，读者通过“叙事判断”对某一文类

所遵循的叙事规约做出辨认，进而提出相应的认知策略。本文以此框架来探讨回忆

录的认知模式，归纳了回忆录遵循的两种文类规约语境： “史化规约”语境强调叙事

的客观性，使叙事在最大程度近于历史原貌； “忆化规约”语境则关注作者的主观体

验，蕴含作者的价值判断。回忆录作者对两种规约的不同选择，影响读者叙事判断

的结果，使读者决定采取何种阅读模式。本文选取普利莫 · 莱维的《这是不是个人》

以及里戈贝尔塔 · 门楚的《我，里戈贝尔塔 · 门楚：一个圭地马拉的印第安女人》两

部回忆录，提炼出读者的两种认知模式：在史化规约语境中，读者应关注史料史实，

以历史真实为本，价值真实为次；相反，阅读忆化规约语境的回忆录，重点应放在作

者的思想价值方面，以价值真实为本，历史真实为次。在认知框架下阅读回忆录，意

味着读者应通过叙事判断，将认知模式建立在对规约性语境的理解和辨别之上。

关键词：认知叙事　史化规约 忆化规约 叙事判断 认知模式

作者简介：覃琳，北京科技大学外国语学院，讲师，文学博士，主要从事传记文学

研究、叙事学研究。本论文获中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助，项目名称为

“文化批评视域下的见证文学研究”（FRF — TP — 17 — 080A1）。

Title: Historical Convention and Mnemonic Convention: Two Cognitive Models of

Memoir

ABSTRACT: Cognitive narratology focuses on the interpretative process of

readers. It studies the narrative conventions of a certain genre, and puts forward

cognitive strategies according to narrative judgements. Based on this framework, this

essay elaborates on the cognitive model of memoir, and sums up two kinds of literary

conventions: “historical convention” and “mnemonic convention”. The former emphasizes

the objectivity of narrative, so that the narrative gains historical accuracy; the latter pays

attention to the subjective experience of the author, including the author’s individual

memory and value judgment. The author’s choice between these two conventions leads to

narratives with different value judgements and reading strategies. Two memoirs, If This

Is a Man and I, Rigoberta Menchú: An Indian Woman in Guatemala, are discussed in this

essay, and two cognitive models of readers are summarized. In the context of historical

convention, readers focus on historical facts and prioritize historical truth. On the other

hand, when reading memoirs that deploy mnemonic convention, readers concentrate

on the ideological values of the author. According to this cognitive framework, readers

interpret effectively by understanding and distinguishing the narrative’s conventional

context.

Keywords: cognitive narratology, historical convention, mnemonic convention,

narrative judgment, cognitive model

Author: Qin Lin <hear.163@163.com> is a lecturer at School of Foreign Language,

University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China (100083), specializing in

biographical research and narrative studies.

《只爱陌生人》中视线下的道德探测

罗伊丽

内容提要：本文将分析伊恩 · 麦克尤恩的《只爱陌生人》中由于注视的物化作用而

导致的一场虐杀悲剧，考察注视这一微小动作如何催化并异化两位具有双性同体特质的

男性人物的内心欲望，并最终导致本应如柏拉图《会饮篇》中双性同体般顺利“合体”的

两者以虐杀告终。通过分析视线下的“合体”悲剧，本文认为麦克尤恩借这一极端案例

剖析了人类内心深处可能只因某一细节而变质的欲望，进而探测了人类的道德底线。

关键词：《只爱陌生人》　伊恩 · 麦克尤恩　注视 道德探测

作者简介：罗伊丽，上海外国语大学博士生，研究方向为当代英美小说。

Title: A Moral Gauge under the Gaze in The Comfort of Strangers

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes a bloody mutilation in Ian McEwan’s The Comfort of

Strangers resulting from the reification of gaze. It inspects how gaze, an unimpressive motion,

catalyzes and distorts the desire of two male characters. Both of them, possessing an androg-

ynous idiosyncrasy, should have consummated their combination like divided androgynies in

Plato’s The Symposium. But, under the gaze, they have already been perverted, so that their

desire ends with a tragic mutilation. Hence, by analyzing the tragedy via the gaze, this article

argues that McEwan dissects, through an extreme case, the inner desire of all, a desire which

can be twisted by the smallest of details, and by so doing, gauges human moral reach.

Keywords: The Comfort of Strangers, Ian McEwan, gaze, moral gauge

Author: Luo Yili <yili_luo06@163.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at School of English

Studies, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China (201600), specializ-

ing in contemporary British and American novels.

走向“诗高于哲学”之境

— 博纳富瓦诗学研究

唐　毅

内容提要：当代法国诗人博纳富瓦早年学习哲学后投身诗歌创作和文艺批评，

“在场”逐步成为其思想探寻与阐述的核心，并形成以“在场”为内核的诗学体系。

他承继克尔凯郭尔、舍斯托夫等思想家关于生命与存在问题的哲学衣钵，却强烈批

判瓦莱里操控人的智力凌驾于真实存在之上的行为；他对语言和存在关系的思考与海

德格尔具有某些相通之处，在有限性与死亡之思中显露出反对概念和意象的立场及其叩

问并反诘哲学的雄心。“在场”是博纳富瓦诗学的显著特征， “诗高于哲学”则是其诗学

的深刻内涵，对后者的探讨有助于进一步发掘“在场”诗学的整体性和丰富性。

关键词：博纳富瓦 诗歌 哲学 在场 反哲学性

作者简介：唐毅，上海师范大学人文学院博士生，主要从事法国现当代诗歌研究。

Title: Towards “Poetry above Philosophy”: A Study of Bonnefoy’s Poetics

ABSTRACT: French contemporary poet Yves Bonnefoy devoted himself to poetry

creation and literary criticism after studying philosophy in his early years. “Presence”

gradually became the core of his exploration and elaboration, and he formed a poetic

system with “presence” at its centre. He inherited from Kierkegaard, Chestov and other

thinkers’ philosophies the issues of life and existence, but strongly criticized Valéry’s ma-

nipulation of intelligence over real existence. Bonnefoy’s thinking about the relationship

between language and existence has some similarities with Heidegger’s and, in his think-

ing about finiteness and death, he opposes concepts and images, and aims to question phi-

losophy. “Presence” is a distinguishing feature of Bonnefoy’s poetics, and “poetry above

philosophy” is fundamental to his poetics. The discussion of the latter is helpful to further

explore the integrity and richness of “presence” poetics.

Keywords: Yves Bonnefoy, poetry, philosophy, presence, anti-philosophical feature

Author: Tang Yi <tangy@mail.lzjtu.cn> is a Ph.D. candidate at School of

Humanities, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China (200234), specializing in

modern and contemporary French poetry.