技术时代人类主体性危机的预言

— 论《响尾蛇行动》中的双重技术越界

陈红薇　杨健林

内容提要：《响尾蛇行动》是当代美国剧作家山姆·谢泼德创作的一部科幻戏

剧，该剧以20世纪60年代美国人工智能技术时代为背景，揭示了美国智能技术革命

背后的双重技术越界：透过失控的“赛博格”，剧作家从道德属性的角度，揭示了人工

智能极端化对人类主体性的越界；通过印第安霍皮族的“霍皮预言”及灭族之灾，展

现了技术文明对“陆地伊甸园”和人类原初文明的毁灭。该剧聚焦AI时代技术越界

这一核心命题，既是对早期智能革命的文本呈现，也是对后人类时代主体危机的哲

学思考。

关键词： 《响尾蛇行动》　赛博格　技术越界　人类主体性危机

作者简介：陈红薇，北京科技大学外国语学院教授，文学博士，主要从事西方戏

剧和改写研究。杨健林，北京科技大学外国语学院博士生，主要研究方向为当代美

国戏剧。本文系国家社会科学基金重点项目“当代西方戏剧中的神话重述与共同

体研究”（20AWW007）、北京科技大学博士生科研基金项目“当代文化语境下山

姆·谢泼德的戏剧研究”（06198266）的阶段性研究成果。

Title: A Harbinger of the Crisis of Human Subjectivity in the Age of Technology:

Dual Technological Transgressions in Operation Sidewinder

ABSTRACT: A science fiction play set in the initial stage of the Artificial Intelli-

gence revolution in America, Operation Sidewinder by Sam Shepard is written as a phil-

osophical reflection on the relationship between technology and mankind. Through the

image of an escaping cyborg in the Sidewinder Operation project, Shepard dramatizes the

moral issue of technology’s transgression against human subjectivity through the develop-

ment of AI. Through the disasters brought to the Hopi tribe by America’s military space

project, the play foretells technical civilization’s transgression against the primary human

civilization’s ritual and myth within a terrestrial Eden. Focusing on the core issue of tech-

nology and mankind in the age of AI, Operation Sidewinder is both a textual reflection on

the initial stage of the AI revolution and a philosophical meditation on humanity’s crisis

of subjectivity in the posthuman age.

Keywords: Operation Sidewinder, cyborg, technological transgression, subjectivity

crisis of humanity

Authors: Chen Hongwei <chenhongwei@ustb.edu.cn> is a professor at the School

of Foreign Studies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China (100083).

She is interested in western drama and adaptation studies. Yang Jianlin <244261127@

qq.com> is a Ph.D. candidate of English literature at the School of Foreign Studies, Uni-

versity of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China (100083). He is interested in

the study of contemporary American drama.

受骗还是操控？

— 黄哲伦《蝴蝶君》中的双重叙事动力

张　欣　何淑敏

内容提要：华裔美国作家黄哲伦的戏剧《蝴蝶君》对于东方主义的改写与对刻板

形象的颠覆一直备受争议。伽利玛和宋丽玲剧终的角色置换奠定了该剧对东方主义

与性别主义戏仿和挑战的情节主线。从显性情节上看， 《蝴蝶君》对东方主义刻板形

象的颠覆使华人形象因宋男性身份的曝光而再度污名化，也使该剧解构东方主义话

语的意义遭到质疑。然而，在显性情节背后隐藏着一股与之并行的叙事暗流，它聚

焦强制异性恋矩阵下宋丽玲与伽利玛在同性恋情中的权力博弈，使显性情节中的受

骗者成为隐性进程中的操控者。显性情节通过对歌剧《蝴蝶夫人》的戏仿，挑战二元

对立的东方主义刻板形象；而隐性进程则深层揭示西方话语体系下华人身份自我言

说的困境。双重叙事动力相辅相成，影射了冷战时期西方中心主义话语体系构建的

策略。

关键词：黄哲伦 《蝴蝶君》 双重叙事 隐性进程

作者简介：张欣，广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院教授，外国文学文化

研究中心兼职研究员，主要从事戏剧叙事学、性别研究、文学伦理学和比较文学研

究；何淑敏，广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院研究生，研究方向为美国戏剧。

本文为广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“欧洲经典童话的模式、话语与功能研究”

（GD20CWW02）、广东省高校重点科研项目“中西神话视域中的女性伦理取向研究”

（2018WTSCX029)的阶段性成果。

Title: Deceived or Manipulating? — Dual Narrative Dynamics in David Henry

Hwang’s M. Butterfly

ABSTRACT: There have been controversies over the parodic rewriting of the ori-

entalist narrative in Puccini’s Madame Butterfly and the subversion (or reinforcement) of

orientalist stereotypes in David Henry Hwang’s drama M. Butterfly (1988). The play’s

final inversion of Gallimard and Song Liling’s identities both parodies and challenges ori-

entalism and sexism. But the main plotline seems to repeat stereotypical Chinese images

when Song’s male identity is exposed, bringing about suspicions as to its actual subver-

sive effect. However, there also exists a parallel undercurrent in a subplot that centers on

the power game between Song and Gallimard. Their homosexual relationship within the

hegemonic heterosexual matrix results in paradoxical images and thematic imports. While

the overt plot challenges the binary inherent within the construction of orientalist stereo-

types through a repurposing of Madame Butterfly, the covert narrative progression reveals

the dilemma of expressing Chinese identity within systems of Eurocentric discourse. The

dual narrative dynamics supplement each other to reflect on the discursive construction of

Western hegemony during the Cold War era.

Keywords: David Henry Hwang, M. Butterfly, dual narrative dynamics, covert progression

Authors: Zhang Xin <199810232@oamail.gdufs.edu.cn> is a professor of En-

glish at the Faculty of English Language and Culture, Guangdong University of Foreign

Studies, Guangzhou, China (510420). He Shumin is a graduate student at the Faculty of

English Language and Culture, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou,

China (510420).

《坠落的人》中的语象叙事

李顺春　王维倩

内容提要：语象叙事是一种多模态叙事，它在图像时代更受关注亦更有研究价

值。唐·德里罗《坠落的人》中的语象叙事 — 用语言描绘、刻画和再现德鲁坠落

照、塔罗牌中的倒吊人和莫兰迪静物画 — 贯穿小说始终，既推动故事情节的发展

又成为小说结构的有机组成部分。小说用语言再现坠落照，并通过对坠落表演的生

动描绘使静态、不在场的坠落照获得动态、在场言说的力量。坠落表演是对倒吊人

的语象叙事，这是对人类命运的反思又体现出一种救赎意识。小说对静物画的描绘，

呈现出画面感又有一种本雅明之“韵味”。这既提升静物画的艺术效果，又表现出语

言与静物画之间的张力，还揭示出某种政治寓意。德里罗对坠落照、倒吊人和静物

画的语象叙事是一种从视觉艺术到语言艺术的动态转换，使其挣脱“语言的牢笼”以

发现语言与视觉形象及其他艺术作品之间的多维关系。语象叙事不仅为作家探索新

的艺术形式提供了更多可能性，亦为文学评论提供了新的跨艺术门类的视角与方法。

关键词： 唐·德里罗 《坠落的人》　语象叙事　德鲁坠落照　倒吊人　莫兰迪

静物画

作者简介：李顺春，江苏理工学院教授，主要从事美国文学研究。王维倩，江苏

理工学院教授，主要从事美国文学研究。本文系2020年度国家社科基金项目“21世

纪美国小说的多模态叙事研究”（20BWW036）之阶段性成果。

Title: Ekphrasis in Don DeLillo’s Falling Man

ABSTRACT: Ekphrasis, as a type of multimodal narration, has attracted attention

in this pictorial age. Depicting, portraying and recreating the “Falling Man” photograph

taken by Richard Drew, “the Hanged Man” Tarot card, and Giorgio Morandi’s still life

paintings, the pervasive ekphrasis of Don DeLillo’s Falling Man advances the plot and is

an organic part of the novel. DeLillo vividly describes a performance of falling, endowing

a static photo of falling with the dynamic and present power of speech. The performance

of falling is in turn an ekphrasis of “The Hanged Man”, which both reflects on the fate of

mankind and embodies redemption. DeLillo’s ekphrasis of Morandi’s still life paintings

presents the visual and pictorial via the verbal, involving a Benjaminian “aura”. DeLillo’s

approach stresses the artistic, visual effects of still life paintings; he reveals how they exist

in tension with language, and highlights their political implications. DeLillo’s ekphrasis of

the “Falling Man” photograph, the Hanged Man Tarot and Morandi’s still life paintings is

a dynamic transformation from visual art to language art, enabling him to break free from

“the prison-house of language” to discover the multidimensional relationships between

language and visual art. Ekphrasis allows writers to explore new art forms, and offers new

interdisciplinary perspectives and methods for literary criticism.

Keywords: Don DeLillo, Falling Man, ekphrasis, the “Falling Man” picture, the

Hanged Man, Morandi’s still life painting

Authors: Li Shunchun <lishch2@163.com> is a professor of English at Jiangsu

University of Technology, Changzhou, China (213001), specializing in American litera-

ture. Wang Weiqian <wwq@jsut.edu.cn> is a professor of English at Jiangsu University

of Technology, Changzhou, China (213001), specializing in American literature.

当代美国华裔文学中的地方意识书写

宋秀葵

内容提要：地方意识是个体对地方的感知和情感认同，与身份认同密切相关。

当代美国华裔跨国、跨文化等多样态的跨界经历使其地方意识的缺失和重构问题日

益突显。在对地方意识的追寻和创造过程中，当代美国华裔作家所建构的地方意识

主要体现在以原乡为中心的古典恋地情结、以新乡为平台的在地体验、以想象为媒

介的理想栖居意识。当代美国华裔作家笔下的地方意识日益呈现动态化、开放性和

多元化。

关键词：当代美国华裔文学　地方意识书写　古典恋地情结　在地体验　理想

栖居意识

作者简介：宋秀葵，文学博士，齐鲁师范学院外国语学院教授，主要研究方向为

生态批评与英美文学。本文系国家社科基金一般项目“美国自然诗歌中的生态环境

主题与国家发展思想研究”（17BWW062）的阶段性研究成果。

Title: Writing a Sense of Place in Contemporary Chinese American Literature

ABSTRACT: A sense of place is an individual’s perception of, and emotion towards

a place, which is closely related to his or her identity. The transboundary experiences of

contemporary Chinese Americans, whether transnational, cross-cultural or otherwise,

foreground their lack and reconstruction of a sense of place. In the process of pursuing

and creating a sense of place, many contemporary Chinese American writers are affected

by classical topophilia, centering on their hometown, their local experience based on their

current residence, and their idea of the ideal dwelling, mediated by their imagination. As a

result, the sense of place in contemporary Chinese American writings is increasingly dy-

namic, open and diversified.

Keywords: contemporary Chinese American literature, sense of place, classical to-

pophilia, local experience, ideal dwelling

Author: Song Xiukui <songxiukui@163.com> is a professor at the School of For-

eign Languages, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China (250200), specializing in ecocriti-

cism and British and American literature.

羞耻的能动性： 《无声告白》中的情感书写与华裔主体性建构

汪小玲　李星星

内容提要： 《无声告白》中充满了情感书写，蕴含着情感能动性。本文以小说中

华裔主人公遭遇种族歧视后产生的羞耻感为主线，探讨白人凝视与族裔羞耻的关系，

分析主人公试图通过自我否定融入主流社会的失败尝试，论证羞耻情感所蕴含的能

动性。羞耻激发了华裔主体性，将负面情感转化为抨击种族主义、反抗白人凝视的

力量，强化族裔认同进而改善了族裔间关系。

关键词：《无声告白》 羞耻 能动性 华裔主体性

作者简介：汪小玲，上海外国语大学教授，主要从事美国文学与文化研究；李

星星，上海外国语大学英语学院在读博士，主要从事美国文学研究。本文为国

家社科基金项目“当代美国少数族裔小说中的负情感问题与情感共同体研究”

（20BWW061）、上海市浦江学者项目（2019PJC091）、上海外国语大学校级重大项目

及导师引领项目“种族·性别·后工业 — 美国现当代文学中的负情感书写与平权

文化研究”（2018114028）的阶段性成果。

Title: The Agency of Shame: Affect and the Construction of Chinese American Sub-

jectivity in Everything I Never Told You

ABSTRACT: Celeste Ng’s novel Everything I Never Told You features affective

depiction and affective agency. Perusing the Chinese American protagonist’s feelings of

shame in the novel, this paper discusses the relationship between the white gaze and eth-

nic shame, analyzes the protagonist’s failed attempt to integrate into mainstream society

through self-denial, and demonstrates the agency and constructiveness of shame. Shame

awakens the subjectivity of Chinese Americans, and transforms into a subversive power

against the white gaze, strengthens Chinese American ethnic identity and improves in-

ter-ethnic relations.

Keywords: Everything I Never Told You, shame, agency, Chinese American subjec-

tivity

Authors: Wang Xiaoling <warbling @ sina.cn> is a professor at the Graduate

School, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China (200083). Li Xingx-

ing is a doctoral student of Shanghai International Studies University.

《西北》中第二代移民自我奋斗的迷思

聂　薇

内容提要：扎迪·史密斯始终关注移民的生存境遇，特别是当代移民社会生存

境遇的变迁，而第二代移民的命运更是史密斯关注的中心。《西北》是史密斯的第三

部小说，发表于2012年，延续了作者成名作《白牙》的背景和主题。书中多处出现

“唯一的作者”的说法，影射第二代移民的自我塑造是核心主题。小说的主要和次要

人物都是三十出头的第二代移民，他们将自我奋斗的主流话语奉为圭臬，为了离开

自己成长的贫民区，不断地挣扎和奋进。但是大多数第二代移民见证的是自我奋斗

“神话”的幻灭，而所谓自我奋斗的“典范”也因为和原生家庭的撕裂或奋斗中的失

德而迷失自我。通过对当代英国第二代移民自我奋斗的命运的探讨，史密斯在《西

北》中揭露了英国社会关于自我奋斗的“迷思”，表达了对相关政策的不满，也暗示了

作者对新千年社会环境的担忧。

关键词：扎迪·史密斯　《西北》　自我奋斗　第二代移民

作者简介：聂薇，文学博士，上海外国语大学国际教育学院副教授，研究方向为

英美文学。

Title: The Myth of Self-invention for Second-Generation Immigrants in NW

ABSTRACT: The social mobility of second-generation immigrants is a leitmotif in

Zadie Smith’s work, especially in her third novel, NW. The British financial and occupa-

tional environment, the novel suggests, paralyzes opportunities for second-generation im-

migrants to achieve self-fulfillment. By exploring the main characters’ failure of self-in-

vention, Smith expresses her discontent with a repressive social milieu. The difficulty of

establishing their personal identity testifies to the injustice towards immigrants in British

society and reveals “self-invention” to be an illusion.

Keywords: Zadie Smith, NW, self-invention, second-generation immigrant

Author: Nie Wei <niewei@shisu.edu.cn> is an associate professor at Shanghai In-

ternational Studies University, Shanghai, China (200083). Her research interest is in Brit-

ish and American literature.

论《塞布丽娜》绘本叙事中的伦理价值

郭　荣　王　文

内容提要：《塞布丽娜》以极简主义和现实主义相结合的艺术手法描绘了普通人

的灾难体验，揭露了后“9·11”时代美国社会面临的种种问题，并注入了德纳索的

伦理思考。本研究在拓宽绘本叙事和伦理学批评相结合的研究范式的同时，对《塞

布丽娜》的伦理价值予以深度发掘。研究发现，在这部小说中，线条与色彩的巧妙结

合、文字和图像的双轨叙事模式是德纳索进行伦理表达的有效途径。通过采用一以

贯之的外聚焦策略，德纳索对现代社会的伦理困境和伦理焦虑予以表征，而媒介声

音的凸显进一步证实了恐怖主义当代形式的在场。德纳索通过对媒介声音及其使用

者的伦理反思来唤醒人们对社会困境的认知，最终彰显出《塞布丽娜》于当下世界的

伦理价值。

关键词：《塞布丽娜》　尼克·德纳索　绘本叙事　伦理　后“9·11”

作者简介：郭荣，陕西师范大学外国语学院博士生，主要从事英美文学研究；王

文，陕西师范大学外国语学院教授，主要从事美国文学研究。本文系中央高校基本

科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2019TS093）的阶段性成果。

Title: On The Ethical Value of Sabrina’s Graphic Narrative

ABSTRACT: Sabrina (2018) combines minimalism with realism, depicting the

disastrous experience of the ordinary, disclosing various problems in contemporary Amer-

ican society, and expressing the ethical mediation of Nick Drnaso. This study broadens

the current paradigm of combining graphic narrative with ethical criticism, and unearths

the ethical value of Sabrina. Drnaso conveys his ethical concerns through the meticulous

combination of lines and colors, along with double narrative strands of words and pic-

tures. The adoption of external focalization from the beginning to the end forms an ethical

dilemma and represents the ethical anxiety of modern society. Further, the highlighting of

the media’s voice affirms the presence of contemporary terrorism. Reflecting upon both

the voice of the media and the ethics of media users, Drnaso awakens people’s recognition

of social dilemmas, and shows the ethical value of Sabrina within the current world.

Keywords: Sabrina, Nick Drnaso, graphic narrative, ethics, post-9/11

Authors: Guo Rong <guorong@snnu.edu.cn> is a PhD candidate at the School of

International Studies, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China (710062). Her research

focuses on British and American literature. Wang Wen <wwen@snnu.edu.cn> is a pro-

fessor at the School of International Studies, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China

(710062), specializing in American literature.

英国儿童小说《国家》中的民族叙事和身份认同

许　巍

内容提要：著名儿童小说作家特里·普拉切特的《国家》把当代英国儿童文学作

品的后殖民书写向前更推进了一步，不但颠覆了英帝国的民族叙事话语，而且呈现

了“主流”文化和“他者”文化复杂地进行碰撞、协调和交互的动态图，见证了作家

对当代英国民族性问题的思考。小说主要采取双重聚焦的叙述手法，赋予男女主人

公独立思考的能力和主动选择的权力。两人经历了自我反思、相互体认和自我发现

的成长历程，通过相互交流、共同面对考验，重新认知了各自的民族身份，在对共同

体的民族想象中实现了对新身份的认同。作为儿童小说， 《国家》具有其独特的现实

意义和价值。

关键词：《国家》 特里·普拉切特 民族身份 文化对话

作者简介：许巍，杭州师范大学外国语学院副教授，主要从事英语儿童文学研

究。本文为浙江省社科规划重点课题 “战后英国儿童幻想文学中的民族性研究”

（18NDJC003Z）的阶段性成果。

Title: National Narratives and Identity Formation in the Children’s Novel Nation

ABSTRACT: The British children’s fantasy, Nation, by the famous writer Terry

Pratchett, offers a postcolonial intervention in contemporary British children’s literature.

It not only reverses the conventions of British imperial national narratives but also demon-

strates cultural dynamics between the dominant group and its other, and shows how the

author addresses the issue of nationality in the British society of multiple cultures. The

novel, with its double focalization when it comes to representing the dialogue between

different cultural positions, empowers the young protagonists to question their traditional

national identities, to experience each other’s cultural practices, to redefine themselves

and reclaim their identity within the new community of “Nation”.

Keywords: Nation, Terry Pratchett, national identity, cultural dialogue

Author: Xu Wei <shanxu_0316@163.com> is an associate professor at the School

of Foreign Languages, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China (311121). Her re-

search interests include children’s literature in English.

人与自然的距离：《树上的男爵》中的生态意识

王芳实

内容提要：卡尔维诺《我们的祖先》三部曲中的《树上的男爵》，是作家关于“轻

逸”观念的文学实践，同时，男爵终身与树相伴，也体现了作家对人与自然关系的憧

憬与称颂。卡尔维诺非常关注自然物的物性，并强调人与万物的互通。值得注意的

是，他在小说中表达了人与自然应和谐相处的观点的同时，也表达了对融合程度的

担忧。他思考了人与自然的距离问题，即人终究不能等同于物，人与自然的零距离

融合，是否会使人丧失人的本性？人究竟该以怎样的姿态与自然和谐相处？

关键词： 《树上的男爵》 轻逸 生态意识 主体意识 人与自然的距离 物性

作者简介：王芳实，凯里学院人文学院教授，主要从事欧美文学及文学批评研究。

Title: The Distance Between Humanity and Nature: Eco-consciousness in Baron in

the Trees

ABSTRACT: Baron in the Trees, one of Italo Calvino’s trilogy of Our Ancestors, is

a work where he practices his literary concept of “lightness.” The Baron’s life-long com-

panionship with the trees is also a tribute to the relationship between humanity and nature.

Calvino is concerned with the physicality of natural objects, and emphasizes the intercon-

nectedness between humanity and all things. It is worth noting that while he expresses the

idea that humanity and nature should live in harmony, he also expresses his concern about

the degree of integration. He thinks about the distance between humanity and non-human

nature, pondering whether a total fusion between humanity and nature will cause people

to lose their humanity. Since people are not equal to things after all, he contemplates how

humanity and nature should appropriately relate to each other.

Keywords: Baron in the Trees, lightness, eco-consciousness, subjectivity, distance

between human and nature, physicality

Author: Wang Fangshi <wfsh6423@163.com> is a professor at the School of Hu-

manities of Kaili University, Kaili, China (556000). His research mainly focuses on Euro-

pean and American literature and literary criticism.

隐喻与记忆：莫利纳小说《波兰骑士》中的历史书写

邹　萍

内容提要：“记忆”在安东尼奥·穆尼奥斯·莫利纳的小说《波兰骑士》中占据

着重要地位。作家在以记忆书写历史的过程中，构建了多个与之相关的独特隐喻：

“骑士”是记忆的主体和承载者， “骑士”隐喻的建构既是对家族记忆的追溯，也是对

民族历史和民族精神再书写、再呈现； “容器”隐喻直指记忆和遗忘的过程，通过不断

被跨越的容器“边界”体现人物的精神焦虑和认同危机；最后， “回声”效应对记忆的

复现构成隐喻，不仅艺术性地再现了记忆运行的特点，更显示后代面对历史记忆时

的责任与担当。

关键词：《波兰骑士》　穆尼奥斯·莫利纳 记忆 隐喻

作者简介：邹萍，复旦大学外文学院副教授，南京师范大学博士后，主要从事当

代西班牙叙事文学研究。本文系国家社科基金青年项目“当代西班牙内战题材小说

研究”（16CWW031）的阶段性研究成果。

Title: Metaphor and Memory: The Historical Writing in The Polish Knight

ABSTRACT: Antonio Munoz Molina is one of the most significant writers in con-

temporary Spain. His novel, The Polish Knight, has attracted much attention since its

publication. Memory occupies an important role in this novel set during the Spanish civil

war and the post-war dictatorship, while Molina’s uniqueness lies in his construction of

several metaphors with specialized meanings. The metaphor, “knight”, is time-oriented:

its construction involves a process of tracing family memory and rewriting or representing

national history. Meanwhile, the metaphor “container” is space-oriented, not only refer-

ring to keeping and losing memories, but also reflecting the characters’ identity crises

through their “borders” being constantly crossed. This “echo” effect produces a metaphor

of the process of replicating memories, representing how unconscious memories break

through the limits of time and space and pass from the past to the present.

Keywords: The Polish Knight, Muñoz Molina, memory, metaphor

Author: Zou Ping <zouping_nnu@hotmail.com> is an associate professor at the

School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (200433),

specializing in contemporary Spanish narrative.

杰拉尔德·默南《景中景》中的苦闷书写

孔一蕾　王腊宝

内容提要：当代澳大利亚著名小说家杰拉尔德·默南的代表作《景中景》，是一

部经典的后现代佳作。小说运用套盒结构呈现六个相对独立又环环相扣的故事，不

同故事之间首尾相连构成一个整体。作品人物通过果汁、斑点和曼荼罗等一系列意

象婉转表达自己的欲望和对于超越日常生活的渴望。小说藉此深刻揭示20世纪中

期澳大利亚社会和文学中普遍存在的肉体与精神、理想与真实之间的割裂，生动刻

画了一代文学青年的压抑和苦闷，以及他们对于走出苦闷的向往。小说用寓言般的

叙事将20世纪中叶澳大利亚文坛压抑的环境生动地呈现在读者面前，为澳大利亚文

学留下了一部经典佳作。

关键词：杰拉尔德·默南　《景中景》 欲望　真实　苦闷

作者简介：孔一蕾，苏州科技大学外国语学院讲师，主要研究方向为英美文学和

澳大利亚文学；王腊宝，上海外国语大学英语学院教授，主要研究领域为英美文学、

澳大利亚文学和后殖民英语文学及文学理论。本文系国家社科基金项目“澳大利亚

后现代实验小说研究”（16BWW054）的阶段性研究成果。

Title: Signs of Anguish in Gerald Murnane’s Landscape with Landscape

ABSTRACT: Gerald Murnane’s landmark novel, Landscape with Landscape (1985),

is a masterpiece of Australian postmodern experimental fiction. Divided into six parts,

which could be read as six independent stories, the book adopts the structure of embed-

ded Chinese Boxes, providing both unity and a feeling of inescapable entrapment. The

characters in the book use a series of images, such as juice, freckles on a woman’s skin

and the mandala, to communicate their secret impulses and desires for the real beyond

life’s immediate impressions. Through these images, the book examines the wide gap

between flesh and spirit, ideals and reality in Australian society and literary writing, and

the depression and anguish of a new generation of Australian writers. With its allegorical

presentation of the inescapable confinement and anguish experienced by emerging writ-

ers, this book stands as a classic work of Australian anguish on the eve of the country’s

literary modernization.

Keywords: Gerald Murnane, Landscape with Landscape, desire, the real, anguish

Authors: Kong Yilei <ylkong@sina.com> is a lecturer at the School of Foreign

Languages of Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China (215009).

Her research areas include Anglo-American literature and Australian literature. Wang

Labao <02761@shisu.edu.cn> is a Professor of English at the School of English Studies,

Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China (200083). His research inter-

ests include Anglo-American literature, Australian literature, postcolonial literatures and

literary theories.

尼日利亚奥尼查市场文学的去殖民思想

冯德河　朱振武

内容提要：奥尼查市场文学是尼日利亚文学史上的重要现象，它的规模庞大且

影响深远，但由于其作品质量粗陋且文学性不强，价值与地位一直遭到低估。通过

文献梳理发现，目前的奥尼查市场文学研究多从其婚姻爱情主题或大众娱乐功能入

手，没有触及其中的反殖民与去殖民思想。部分传记性市场文学作品高度赞扬非洲

的政治英雄人物和因反对种族主义而遇刺的美国总统肯尼迪，这本质上反映的是尼

日利亚社会普遍的反殖民思想及其向去殖民化思想演变的过程。从这一角度重新审

视奥尼查市场文学，将有助于对其历史价值重新定位，也有利于全面认识尼日利亚

文学发展历程。

关键词：尼日利亚　奥尼查市场文学　殖民主义　反殖民　去殖民

作者简介：冯德河，上海师范大学比较文学与世界文学博士生，山东青年政治学

院副教授，主要从事非洲英语文学和英语文学教学研究。朱振武，上海师范大学教

授，博士生导师，国家重点学科比较文学与世界文学学科带头人，主要从事非洲英语

文学、英语文学文化和文学翻译学研究。本文系国家社科基金重大项目“非洲英语

文学史”（19ZDA296）阶段性成果。

Title: De-colonization and Onitsha Market Literature in Nigeria

ABSTRACT: Onitsha Market Literature, with its large corpus and widespread in-

fluence, is a significant cultural phenomenon in Nigerian literary history. However, its

literary value and historical position has been underestimated because of its supposedly

low quality. Related studies have largely focused on its themes of love and marriage or its

function in public entertainment, with little discussion of its anti-colonial and decolonial

undercurrents. Some biographical works of Onitsha Market Literature eulogize African

political figures and the US president John F. Kennedy, asserting that he was murdered

for his attempt to eliminate racial discrimination. This reflects how anti-colonial thought

pervades Nigerian society, and its progress towards decolonization. Reexamining Onitsha

Market Literature from this angle is helpful for understanding its historical value and the

history of the development of Nigerian literature.

Keywords: Nigeria, Onitsha Market Literature, colonialism, anti-colonization,

de-colonization

Authors: Feng Dehe <fengdillon@126.com> is a Ph.D student at Shanghai Nor-

mal University, majoring in comparative literature and world literature, also an associate

professor at Shandong Youth University of Political Science, Jinan, China (250103), with

English literature as his research field. Zhu Zhenwu <fredzzw2002@163.com> is a pro-

fessor at Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China (200234), specializing in culture

and literature in English and literary translation studies.

加缪的微弱乌托邦冲动

丁尔苏

内容提要：阿尔贝·加缪不仅是20世纪为数不多的杰出悲剧理论家之一，而且

还在悲剧创作领域里成就斐然。在理论方面，他试图改造黑格尔“两善对峙”的冲突

论，强调自由的个人与荒谬的生存环境之间的不协调。在创作方面，他同样坚持以

个人生命为本，反对极端形式的暴力。他通过一系列生动的舞台形象，向观众揭示

暴力的两面性，这在世界恐怖主义蔓延的今天仍有重要解读意义。

关键词：加缪 悲剧冲突 存在主义 现代悲剧 人文主义

作者简介：丁尔苏，美国明尼苏达大学博士，香港岭南大学英文系教授，主要研

究领域为悲剧文学、悲剧理论、符号学。

Title: Camus’s Weak Utopian Impulse

ABSTRACT: Albert Camus was not only a theorist of tragedy but also an out-

standing practitioner of tragic drama. As a theorist, he proposed to modify Hegel’s tragic

“collision between two goods” by emphasizing the disharmony between a free individual

and the absurd environment in which he or she lives. As a creative writer, he advocates

individual life in opposition to any form of extreme violence. What he tries to present to

his audience, through various characters on stage, is the dual nature of violence, which

resonates with the contemporary world where terrorism has become rampant.

Keywords: Albert Camus, tragic conflict, existentialism, modern tragedy, humanism

Author: Ding Ersu <ersuding@ln.edu.hk> is a professor of English at Lingnan Uni-

versity, Hong Kong, China. His main research areas are tragic drama, theories of tragedy,

and semiotics.

见证与介入

— 勒克莱齐奥短篇小说中的战争书写

樊艳梅

内容提要：勒克莱齐奥的短篇小说着重书写20世纪50年代以来发生在越南、摩

洛哥、利比里亚、黎巴嫩等不发达国家的战争。作家以真实的历史为依托，通过各种

确凿的细节呈现作为“大历史”的战争，并揭示其背后的种种问题，如强权政治、种

族冲突、宗教矛盾等。同时，作家借助普通人的视角书写战争对战场之外日常生活

世界的影响，否认一切战争的正义性。通过探究战争爆发的原因以及抵抗战争可能

的方式，作家表达了鲜明的反战立场，实现从“见证”到“介入”的写作。

关键词：勒克莱齐奥 短篇小说 战争 历史 介入

作者简介：樊艳梅，浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院副教授，主要研究领

域为20世纪法国文学。本文系国家社会科学基金青年项目“勒克莱齐奥短篇小说研

究”（18CWW017）的阶段性成果。

Title: Testimony and Engagement: Writing about War in Le Clézio’s Short Stories

ABSTRACT: J.M.G. Le Clézio’s short stories focus on wars that have occurred

in countries such as Vietnam, Morocco, Liberia and Lebanon since the 1950s. Based

on real history, the writer presents war through a variety of precise details and reveals

the problems behind it, such as power politics, ethnic conflicts and religious contra-

dictions. Via the perspective of ordinary people, he demonstrates the impact of war

on daily life outside the battlefield, and questions the justice of all wars. Through

probing the causes of war and the possible ways of resisting war, Le Clézio takes

on an anti-war stance and exemplifies a writing that moves from “testimony” to

“engagement”.

Keywords: J.M.G. Le Clézio, short story, war, history, engagement

Author: Fan Yanmei <fanyanmei@zju.edu.cn> is an associate professor at the

School of international studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (310058). Her ma-

jor field of research is 20 th -century French literature.

苏联和俄罗斯对赛珍珠作品的翻译与接受

赵　丹

内容提要：赛珍珠的中国题材系列小说不仅在她的祖国美国和她长期生活的中

国闻名遐迩，还被译成多种语言，在全世界广为流传。自从1934年长篇小说《大地》

被译成俄语在苏联出版后，赛珍珠开始受到苏联文学批评界和普通读者的关注，但

苏联对其作品的接受带有典型的意识形态特征，致使女作家遭到不公正的评价以及

随之而来的长期的遗忘。直到苏联解体后，赛珍珠作品译介和研究才得以恢复，至

今方兴未艾。本文尝试梳理赛珍珠作品在苏联和俄罗斯翻译和接受的过程，为我国

的赛珍珠研究提供参考。

关键词：赛珍珠 苏联 俄罗斯 翻译 接受

作者简介：赵丹，南京大学外国语学院副教授，主要从事俄罗斯文学研究。

Title: The Reception of Pearl S. Buck’s Works in the Soviet Union and Russia

ABSTRACT: Pearl S. Buck’s series of novels about China have been translated into

many languages and widely read all over the world. Since the American writer’s novel,

The Good Earth, was translated into Russian and published in 1934, she has attracted the

attention of many Soviet literary critics and ordinary readers. However, the evaluation

and reception of Buck in the Soviet Union was typically ideological in character, leading

to the unfair evaluation and subsequent long-term forgetting of her work. It was not until

the collapse of the Soviet Union that the translation and study of her works resumed and

bloomed. This paper surveys the reception of Buck’s works in the Soviet Union and Rus-

sia in order to facilitate Pearl S. Buck studies in China.

Keywords: Pearl S. Buck, the Soviet Union, Russia, translation, reception

Author: Zhao Dan <zd@nju.edu.cn> is an associate professor at the School of Foreign

Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210023), majoring in Russian literature.

凯利的“个人建构论”及其文学心理学批评功效

杨丽娟

内容提要：凯利的“个人建构论”心理学原理，以个人的“构念系统”以及“核心

构念”等概念为核心内容，强调个体心理的成长性和超越性，对于阐释文学作品中个

体意义上的人物的心理独特性，具有重要的价值和功用。如“核心构念”的僵化会

导致人物的自毁； “益性焦点”和“益性范围”的偏差会导致人物人格的畸形发展；而

“核心构念”的不断突破和超越则会实现人物心理的强劲成长。也正因如此，这一心

理学批评方法的运用，有助于严肃审视很多文学作品中对虚无主义和玩世不恭所做

的连篇累牍的描写。

关键词：个人建构论 核心构念 益性焦点 益性范围

作者简介：杨丽娟，东北师范大学文学院教授，主要研究方向为古希腊文学及现

当代西方文论。

Title: G. A. Kelly’s “Personal Construct Theory” and Its Effect on Psychological

Criticism in Literature

ABSTRACT: G. A. Kelly’s “Personal Construct Theory,” with “personal construct

system” and “core construct” as its core concepts, emphasizes the growth and transcen-

dence of individual psychology, and greatly contributes to explanations of the psycholog-

ical uniqueness of individual characters in literary works. For example, a rigidity of “core

construct” can lead to personal self-destruction; a deviation of “benefit focus” and “benefit

scope” can lead to an abnormal development of personality; and a continuous transcen-

dence of a “core construct” will grow a character’s psychology. This psychological theory

can help us interpret depictions of nihilism and cynicism in many literary works.

Keywords: Personal Construct Theory, core construct, focus of convenience, range

of convenience

Author: Yang Lijuan <yanglj315@nenu.edu.cn> is a professor in the School of

Liberal Arts, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China (130024), specializing in

ancient Greek literature and modern Western literary theory.

伯明翰学派“双重意识”表征政治研究

邹威华　伏　珊

内容提要：斯图亚特·霍尔和保罗·吉罗伊是英国文化研究的思想集大成者，

他们为伯明翰学派理论发展做出了卓越的贡献。“双重意识”表征政治是其思想中

最重要的内核。本文以“双重意识”为主题，以他们独特的文化身份认知为底色，深

入考察该理论研究缘起和流变，着力阐释“双重意识”蕴含的丰富内核，为思考当代

英国马克思主义文艺理论提供话语空间，突显它对后殖民文学和文化理论的价值。

关键词：表征政治 “双重意识”  双重刻写  熟悉的陌生人 “黑色大西洋”

后殖民文学

作者简介：邹威华，成都师范学院外国语学院教授，研究方向为英美文学、西方

文论。伏珊，成都师范学院教师教育学院副教授，研究方向为英美文学、西方文论。

本文为国家社科基金项目“英国马克思主义文化批评研究”（15BWW010）的阶段

性成果。

Title: “Double Consciousness” as Representational Politics of the Birmingham

School

ABSTRACT: Stuart Hall and Paul Gilroy made great contributions to the theoretical

development of the Birmingham School. The representational politics of “double con-

sciousness” is an important theme in their writings. Focusing on their cultural identity,

this paper examines the origin and genealogy of the theory, probes into its rich connota-

tions, and thereby invites greater critical attention to contemporary British Marxist theory

of literature and art, and its relation to postcolonial literature and cultural theory.

Keywords: representational politics, double consciousness, double inscription, the

familiar stranger, the Black Atlantic, postcolonial literature

Authors: Zou Weihua <196260764@qq.com> is a professor at the School of For-

eign Languages, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China (611130), specializing

in British and American literature and western literary theory. Fu Shan <53989989@

qq.com> is an associate professor at the School of Teacher’s Education, Chengdu Normal

University, Chengdu, China (611130), specializing in British and American literature and

western literary theory.

数字技术、虚拟现实与网络功能

— 数字文学的审美新变化与发展新趋势

李　斌

内容提要：近年来，数字技术与文学发展之间的关系引发热议。一方面，数字文

学的外部特征引起广泛关注，非线性叙事、非稳定结构、读者参与性以及多媒体特征

等被视为对传统文学理论以及文学审美的挑战；另一方面，数字文学的内部特征成

为新研究视角，编程功能、数字代码、计算机算法等数字文学内部运行机制被视为新

美学基础和美学特征。与此同时，互联网络和虚拟现实为数字文学营造新的媒介生

态，数字文学呈现动态发展特征。在新技术支撑下，智能创作、人机交互、虚拟场景、

沉浸体验等成为数字文学发展新趋势。

关键词：数字文学　数字技术　虚拟现实　网络功能　人机交互

作者简介：李斌，成都大学文学与新闻传播学院讲师，文学博士，主要从事数字

人文、数字文学和比较文学研究。

Title: Aesthetic Changes and New Trends of Digital Literature: Digital Technology,

Virtual Reality, and Network Functions

ABSTRACT: In recent years, the relationship between digital technology and new

forms of literature has aroused heated discussion. On the one hand, the formal features of

digital literature, such as nonlinear narrative, unstable structure, reader participation, and

multimediality, have been regarded as challenges to traditional literary theory and literary

aesthetics. On the other hand, the intrinsic characteristics of digital literature offer new

research perspectives. For example, programming functions, digital codes, and computer

algorithms are regarded as forming a new aesthetic basis and aesthetic categories. At the

same time, the Internet and virtual reality creates a new media ecology for digital litera-

ture, turning AI creation, human-computer interaction, virtual situation, and immersive

experience into new forms of digital literature.

Keywords: digital literature, digital technology, virtual reality, network function,

human-computer interaction

Author: Li Bin <libin0804@126.com> is a lecturer at the College of Literature and

Journalism of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China (610106), specializing in digital hu-

manities, digital literature and comparative literature.

论新世纪以来德语文学中国叙事的新范式

刘　健

内容提要：随着新世纪以来全球化程度日益加深，德语文学的中国叙事呈现新

的范式，其主要特征表现为对符号化中国叙事模式的突破。新世纪德语作家们从西

方中心主义视角出走，尝试在中西文化之间寻找文学写作新的立足之地：他们消解

“他者”与“自我”的界限，摒弃差异化叙事，构建人类命运共同体视角，并在历史叙

述中尝试加入中国之声，解构西方中心主义话语体系；在此基础上，他们进一步探索

中国文化，在跨文化视角下发掘中国元素的美学潜能。去符号化的中国叙事拓展了

跨文化题材写作的主题意旨和文化内涵，为新世纪跨文化交流以及文学书写提供了

可借鉴的范本。

关键词：21世纪 德语文学 中国叙事 新范式

作者简介：刘健，南京大学外国语学院德语系助理研究员，研究方向为跨文化文

学研究和文学理论。

Title: Narrating China in German Literature since 2000

ABSTRACT: With the increased globalization of the twenty-first century, narratives

concerning China in German literature evidence a new paradigm, featuring a disengage-

ment from old symbolic narrative paradigms. German writers in the new century distance

themselves from Eurocentrism and instead seek a new perspective, writing between Chi-

nese and Western cultures. Tending to dissolve the boundary between “self ” and “the

other,” they abandon differential narratives and emphasize universalisms, and by so doing

explore Chinese culture and the aesthetic potential of Chinese elements from an intercul-

tural perspective.

Keywords: 21st century, German literature, china narrative, new paradigm

Author: Liu Jian <liujiandeu@nju.edu.cn> is an assistant researcher at the School

of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210023), specializing in intercul-

tural literary studies and literary theory.

“介入的文学”：政治、政治小说和美国政治书写

陈俊松

内容提要：在当代西方文化研究的语境中，涉及阶级、性别、移民身份和弱势群

体等方面的文学作品在某种程度上都具有一定的政治性。相对于“政治小说”而言，

政治书写是个更为宽泛的概念。在对“政治”的定义和论述进行梳理的基础上，本文

着重探讨政治小说的特点，政治书写在美国文学史上的地位以及文学与政治之间的

关系。政治小说的独特之处主要体现在它“内在的张力”，政治书写可以说是美国文

学史上一条贯穿始终的主线，而两者实为两个既重合又不同的概念。在理想的状态

下，文学和政治之间应该是一种对话和互动的关系。

关键词：政治　政治小说　政治书写　美国文学

作者简介：陈俊松，华东师范大学外语学院英语系副教授，主要从事当代美国文

学、政治书写和文化记忆理论等方面的研究。本文系国家哲学社会科学基金青年项

目“文化记忆理论与战后美国文学重构研究”（16CWW020）和上海市哲学社会科

学规划课题一般项目“当代美国文学中的政治书写研究”（2014BWY003）的阶段性

研究成果。

Title: “Engaged Literature”: Politics, the Political Novel and American Political

Writing

ABSTRACT: In the context of contemporary Western cultural studies, all literary

works concerning class, gender, ethnicity, immigration, and underprivileged groups are,

to some extent, political. Compared with “the political novel”—a term difficult to define,

“political writing” is a much broader term. Based on a careful review of the definitions

of and discussions on “politics,” this paper intends to examine the characteristics of the

political novel, the role that political writings play in American literary history, and the

relationship between literature and politics. The peculiarity of the political novel lies in

its “internal tensions.” Political writing is a persistent and preeminent strain in the history

of American literature, and it is not quite the same as the political novel, though there is

some overlap between the two. Ideally, the relationship between literature and politics

should be dialogic and reciprocal.

Keywords: politics, the political novel, political writing, American literature

Author: Chen Junsong <jschen@english.ecnu.edu.cn> is an associate professor of

English at the Department of English, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

(200241). His research focuses on contemporary American fiction, political writing, and

cultural memory studies.

“大脑中的幽灵生命”

— 论《K氏零度》的超人类主体及其限度

李　思

内容提要：唐·德里罗的《K氏零度》将超人类的永生幻想和鲜活的生活世界交

织在一起，而其中的纽结则是后人类状况下人的主体性问题。人体冷冻技术不仅证

实了笛卡尔的“身心二元论”而且实现了意识与身体的分离，制造出一个永恒的纯粹

意识主体。主人公试图通过坚定的内在持守摆脱这一不死性的诱惑，却在同样“离

身”的境遇里愈加孤独。母亲的亡灵催促着他置身于生活世界，在充满哀伤和欢欣

的情感和记忆中寻回自我。这是一个既维护自主性同时又自我削弱的主体，德里罗

在此表达了自己不同于传统人文主义的人文主义立场。

关键词：唐·德里罗　《K氏零度》　超人类主义　主体

作者简介：李思，中国人民大学文学院博士研究生，主要从事美国现当代文学研究。

Title: “A Phantom Life within the Braincase”: On the Transhumanist Subject and Its

Limits in Zero K

ABSTRACT: Don DeLillo’s Zero K interweaves the transhumanist fantasy of im-

mortality with the living world, via the subjectivity of human beings in the posthuman

condition. Cryonics technology not only confirms Descartes’s mind-body dualism but also

realizes the separation of consciousness and body, creating an eternal subject of pure con-

sciousness. The protagonist tries to rid himself of the temptation of immortality through a

firm inner self, but is only lonelier in his disembodied situation. His mother’s ghost urges

him to live in the world, to find himself in emotions, in memories of sorrow and joy. This

is a subject that maintains autonomy and simultaneously weakens itself. Here DeLillo ex-

presses a humanist position which differs from traditional humanism.

Keywords: Don DeLillo, Zero K, transhumanism, subject

Author: Li Si <xilindeguo@163.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at Renmin University of

China, Beijing, China (100872). Her research interests include modern and contemporary

American literature.