生命·生活·生态

— 《K氏零度》科技伦理反思的三重观照

叶　华　朱新福

内容提要：唐·德里罗在极具科幻色彩的小说《K氏零度》中，围绕“人体冷冻

技术”引发的种种困惑，揭示了科技在资本逻辑支配下偏离伦理世界的现代社会症

候 — 生命价值日渐荒芜、生活意义逐步消解和生态环境不断恶化。离开了必要的

伦理审视和价值反思，科技从最初的为人所用、造福人类社会的帮手，异化为控制和

束缚人的冰冷工具。本文阐释并印证了德里罗对待科技的伦理主张：克服科技异化，

需要让科技在伦理的审视下健康运行，重塑科技服务人类的价值属性。

关键词： 唐·德里罗　《K氏零度》　科技　伦理反思

作者简介：叶华，苏州大学博士研究生，主要从事英美文学、生态批评的研究。

朱新福，苏州大学外国语学院教授，博士，博士生导师，主要从事美国小说、美国诗歌

和生态批评的研究。本文系国家社科基金项目“美国自然诗歌中的生态环境主题与

国家发展思想研究”（17BWW062） 。

Title: Life, Living, and Ecology: Three Ethical Reflections upon Science and Tech-

nology in Zero K

ABSTRACT: Through the confusion of cryonic technology depicted in the science

fiction Zero K, Don DeLillo reveals modern social symptoms triggered by science and

technology’s deviation from ethics and subordination to the logic of capital. This is seen

in the increasing barrenness of life, its gradual decrease in significance, and the continu-

ous deterioration of the ecological environment. Without necessary ethical examination

and restraint, science and technology are alienated from their original function as a benefit

to human society to becoming a ruthless tool for controlling people. This article explicates

and confirms DeLillo’s ethical claims about science and technology. To overcome the

alienation of science and technology, it suggests, we need to put science and technology

under the examination of ethics and reaffirm their capacity to benefit human beings.

Keywords: Don DeLillo, Zero K, science and technology, ethical reflection

Authors: Ye Hua <yehua98218@sina.com> is a doctoral candidate at School of

Foreign Languages, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (215006), specializing in British

and American literature, and ecocriticism. Zhu Xinfu <fulbright1999@163.com> is a

professor at School of Foreign Languages, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (215006),

specializing in American fiction, American poetry and ecocriticism.

异变的身体与入侵的机器

— 论品钦小说《V.》中的后人类想象

蒋　怡

内容提要：托马斯·品钦的首部长篇小说《V.》聚焦于19世纪末以来人与技术

物之间的界线不断发生松动与游移的状况，以双重时空体的叙事架构拼合起一幅西

方社会里人类身体不断被无生命物侵蚀的末世论图景。本文分析该小说中身体与技

术的交互界面，指出技术对身体的重构存在着双重逻辑：它一方面增补身体的功能，

促进人体的自我延伸，另一方面又暴力地肢解身体，实现技术物对身体的解构。小

说人物积极寻求技术介入身体的行为隐含着技术权力意志的内在控制欲望，不仅是

后现代种种复杂关系的具体体现，也与法西斯主义意识形态存在着隐秘的亲缘性，

技术改造身体的操作实践最终指向了后人类时代里身体的终结与技术的统治，展现

了品钦对当代技术文化发展的深刻反思。

关键词：品钦　《V.》 身体　技术　交互界面　假体植入　后人类

作者简介：蒋怡，文学博士，江南大学外国语学院副教授，主要研究方向为当代

英美小说。本文系国家社会科学基金项目“后人类理论视阈下托马斯·品钦小说中

的技术主题研究”（16CWW017）的阶段性成果；本文受到“中央高校基本科研业务

费专项资金”的支持。

Title: Mutating Body and Invading Machine: Posthuman Imagination in Thomas

Pynchon’s V.

ABSTRACT: Thomas Pynchon’s first novel V. focuses on the shaky boundary be-

tween man and machine from the late nineteenth century onwards and depicts an apoca-

lyptic picture of inanimateness eroding humanity in Western society within the narrative

framework of double chronotope. Using as its foundations the question of the body in the

cybernetic era, this paper focuses on the interfaces between the human body and tech-

nology in the novel and examines the double logic of technology’s reconstitution of the

body: on the one hand, it supplements and extends the body; one the other, it violently

dismembers the body, fostering techno-artefacts’ deconstruction of the body. Therefore,

technology’s modification of the body not only embodies various complex postmodern re-

lations, but also reflects the affinity between soma-technology and fascism, thus bringing

to light the inherent domination of a technological will to power. The practice of technol-

ogy rewriting the body in the novel finally points to the end of the body and the ultimate

technopoly in the posthuman era, which reveals Pynchon’s profound reflections on the

contemporary techno-culture.

Keywords: Pynchon, V., body, technology, interface, prosthesis, posthuman

Author: Jiang Yi <daisy19850907@163.com> is an associate professor at the

School of Foreign Studies, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China (214022), specializing in

contemporary British and American novels.

乔纳 森·萨弗兰·福厄小说《特别响，非常近》中的后记忆建构

高尔聪　田俊武

内容提要：作为大屠杀亲历者的后代，乔纳森·萨弗兰·福厄在小说《特别响，

非常近》中描写了谢尔家祖孙三代人在德累斯顿大轰炸与“9·11”恐袭事件中的创

伤记忆及其代际影响。本文从语言、图像及历史观三个维度探讨福厄在《特别响，非

常近》中的后记忆建构方式，认为小说的证言叙事再现了后记忆的意义层次及传播

方式，其视觉化叙事架构了承载后记忆并连接过去、当下与未来的记忆点，而小说通

过后现代式的历史叙事探讨战争与大屠杀后记忆建构中的元历史问题，揭示改变人

类历史的杀戮与暴力事件对当代人持续不断的影响，构建属于当代人的后记忆。

关键词：乔纳森·萨弗兰·福厄 《特别响，非常近》 后记忆　证言叙事　视

觉化叙事　后现代历史叙事

作者简介：高尔聪，北京航空航天大学外国语学院博士后，主要从事美国小说研

究；田俊武，北京航空航天大学外国语学院教授，博士生导师，主要从事英美文学研

究。本文为教育部社科基金后期资助重大项目“美国20世纪小说中的旅行叙事研

究”（18JHQ004）的阶段性成果研究。

Title: The Construction of Postmemory in Jonathan Safran Foer’s Extremely Loud

and Incredibly Close

ABSTRACT: As a descendant of Holocaust witnesses, Jonathan Safran Foer depicts

in his novel Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close the traumatic experiences of three gen-

erations of the Schell family, from the firebombing of Dresden to the 9/11 terrorist attacks,

probing the transgenerational impact of their traumatic memories. This paper attempts to

explicate the construction of postmemory in Foer’s Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close

from the dimensions of language, image and the conception of history. It holds that the

testimonial narrative in the novel reproduces the levels of meaning and modes of trans-

mission of postmemory, the visualization of which constructs points of memory that carry

the postmemory and connect the past, present and the future. The postmodern historical

narrative reveals the continuous influence of the Holocaust and other violent events that

have changed human history and contemporary people. The novel questions the metahis-

torical approach to constructing war and Holocaust postmemories, stressing the need to

form a postmemory that belongs to the contemporary.

Keywords: Jonathan Safran Foer, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, postmemo-

ry, testimonial narrative, visualized narrative, postmodern historical narrative

Authors: Gao Ercong <gaoercong@163.com> is a postdoctoral fellow at Beihang

University, Beijing, China (100191), specializing in American novel studies. Tian Junwu

<tjw1966@163.com> is a professor of English at Beihang University, Beijing, China

(100191), specializing in British and American literary studies.

论塞林格小说的战争反思与救赎

王立宏

内容提要：亲历过二战的美国作家J. D. 塞林格，其难以愈合的战争创伤使他对

战争有着独特的感悟，并以隐晦婉曲的书写方式阐发对战争暴力的深刻反思，揭示

出战争无视生命、消弭人性和戕害灵魂的残酷本质，进而表达出作家渴望摆脱由此

带来的心灵剧痛、获得精神救赎的愿望。本文从战争创伤、战争反思、战争救赎三个

方面剖析了塞林格对战争无理性与荒谬性鞭辟入里的批判，以期重估塞林格小说在

美国战争文学中的价值，从而拓宽塞林格小说的研究视角。

关键词：塞林格　战争创伤　战争反思　战争救赎

作者简介：王立宏，文学博士，牡丹江师范学院文学院教授。主要研究方向为美

国文学与比较文学。本文为国家级课题培育项目“中国儒道释文化被战后美国文学

的接受与流变研究”（GP2020007）的阶段性成果。

Title: Reflection on War and Redemption in Salinger’s Novels

ABSTRACT: The American writer J.D. Salinger, who experienced WWII, has a

unique perception of war due to his difficult-to-heal war trauma. His fictions implicitly

but profoundly reflect on war violence, revealing the cruel nature of war that ignores life,

eliminates humanity and destroys the soul. They also indicate Salinger’s longing for es-

caping from the pain and sorrow under the impact of war and for spiritual redemption.

This paper analyzes Salinger’s criticism of the irrationality and absurdity of war from

three aspects, respectively war trauma, war reflection and redemption among war, in order

to reevaluate the status of Salinger’s fictions in American war literature.

Keywords: J. D. Salinger, war trauma, reflection, redemption

Author: Wang Lihong <wanglihong1971@163.com> is a professor at the School

of Literature, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, China (157011). His major

research interest is in American literature and comparative literature.

《维纳 斯》对非裔女性身体刻板形象的解构与女性气质重塑

隋红升　周　宁

内容提要：当代非裔美国剧作家苏珊—洛里·帕克斯的《维纳斯》是一部女性气

质书写的典型剧作。首先，该作以直面历史真相的勇气，再现了19世纪欧洲“维多

利亚怪物秀”中“黑色维纳斯”的黑暗历史，回溯了非裔女性刻板形象产生的历史源

头。其次，该作以“重复与修改”、 “意指”以及“戏中戏”的叙事手法和文本结构，解

构了欧洲中心主义和性别本质主义双重话语建构下非裔女性气质被身体所铭写的单

一想象，打破了长久以来种族歧视和父权制压迫之下黑人女性被标签化、扁平化和

非人格化的表征传统。再次，结合原型人物巴特曼的坎坷人生，借助其丰富的情感

体验和表达，该作再现了一个生动鲜活、有着丰富内心世界和情感诉求的非裔女性

形象，重塑了一种身心和谐交融的新型女性气质，为当今社会女性气质的认知、建构

与实践提供了典范。

关键词： 帕克斯 《维纳斯》 女性气质　身体　情感

作者简介：隋红升，浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院教授，博士生导师，

主要从事美国文学和性别专题研究；周宁，浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院

博士生，安徽理工大学外语学院副教授，研究方向为非裔美国文学和性别研究。

Title: Deconstructing Stereotypes of the African Female Body and Remodeling

Femininity in Venus

ABSTRACT: Suzan-Lori Parks’s play Venus (1996) is a typical feminist play.

First, with its courageous confrontation of historical reality, the play represents the dark

history of the “Black Venus” of the “Victorian Freak Show” in nineteenth-century Eu-

rope, and explores the historical roots of black female stereotypes. Second, by adopting

narrative strategies such as “rep & rev”, “signifying”, and “play-within-a-play”, the play

deconstructs black femininity within the popular imaginary as inscribed upon the body

in the context of Eurocentrism and gender essentialism, and breaks with the long-lasting

representational tradition which has labeled, flattened, and impersonalized black women

under long-standing racist and patriarchal oppression. Third, with reference to the arche-

typal character Baartman’s eventful life, the play creates a new model of femininity with a

harmonious integration of soul and body via her rich affective experience and expression,

which provides a referential model for the cognition, construction and practice of feminin-

ity within contemporary society.

Keywords：Suzan-Lori Parks, Venus, femininity, body, affect

Authors: Sui Hongsheng <suihongsheng1972@163.com> is a professor at the

School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (310058). His re-

search interests include American literature and gender studies. Zhou Ning <aldzn@126.

com> is a Ph.D. candidate at the School of International Studies, Zhejiang University,

Hangzhou, China (310058) and an associate professor at School of Foreign Languages,

Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China (232001), specializing in Af-

rican American literature and gender studies.

沃格尔戏剧《狂热与悸动》中的叙事

张巧珠　陈爱敏

内容提要：美国剧作家保拉·沃格尔的剧作《狂热与悸动》融多种叙事手法为一

体，是颇具革新性和后现代主义特征之作。本文从非自然叙事学视角入手，对剧中

的叙事手法与策略进行考察。论文认为： “剧内音”与“剧外音”的使用，架起了观演

双方间的桥梁，帮助观众了解剧情，推动故事发展。普通舞台灯光和蓝色舞台灯光

塑造的两个横向平行空间叙事，外化了人物内心世界，揭露了单身女性的生存状态。

纵向、非线性、碎片化的意识流空间叙事，则展露了女主人公的意识流动，凸显了不

同角色的追求与欲望。通过非自然叙事，剧作者批评了当下美国社会的家庭暴力与

失衡的男女关系。

关键词：保拉·沃格尔 《狂热与悸动》 非自然叙事

作者简介：张巧珠，南京师范大学外国语学院博士生，研究方向为英美戏剧。陈

爱敏，南京师范大学外国语学院教授、博士生导师，研究方向为英美文学、族裔文学、

当代美国戏剧研究。本文为国家社会科学基金项目“20世纪美国都市戏剧与都市精

神研究”（17BWW091）阶段性成果。

Title: Narration in Paula Vogel’s Play Hot ‘n’ Throbbing

ABSTRACT: Hot ‘n’ Throbbing, written by the American dramatist Paula Vo-

gel, is an innovative play with postmodern characteristics. It integrates various narrative

methods. This article studies the play’s narrative techniques and strategies from the per-

spective of unnatural narratology. The authors argue that the play’s use of “the Voice”

and “Voice-Over” narration sets up a bridge between audience and performers, helps the

audience understand the play, and advances the story. Two parallel, spatially adjacent nar-

ratives, marked by ordinary stage lighting and blue lighting, externalize the inner world

of the characters, exposing the living conditions of single women. These two complexly

fragmented, spatialized stream-of-consciousness narratives reveal the heroine’s flow of

consciousness and highlight different characters’ pursuits and desires. By using unnatural

narrative strategies, the playwright criticizes domestic violence in American society and

the power imbalance between men and women.

Keywords: Paula Vogel, Hot ‘n’ Throbbing, unnatural narratology

Authors: Zhang Qiaozhu <1181743862@qq.com> is a PhD candidate at the School

of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China (210024),

specializing in English and American drama. Chen Aimin <chaim2905@163.com> is a

professor of English at the School of Foreign Languages and Culture, Nanjing Normal

University, Nanjing, China (210024), specializing in English and American literature, eth-

nic literature and modern American drama.

论《转吧，这伟大的世界》中的命运共同体形塑

曾桂娥　王凤云

内容提要：科伦·麦凯恩在《转吧，这伟大的世界》中以20世纪70年代的纽约

市为背景，用走钢丝表演隐喻“9·11”事件，用11个跨越种族、阶级和性别的故事

编织现代社会人类命运共同体的图谱。麦凯恩倡导的“讲故事的民主”在小说中得

到充分展示，他从多个叙述角度细致刻画战争、恐怖袭击、种族歧视、移民困境、伦理

缺失等社会问题，揭示日益分化的社会中生命的脆弱性、社区共联性及伦理责任性，

倡导人与人之间的“同理心”，表达对平等与和平的美好夙愿。

关键词：科伦·麦凯恩　《转吧，这伟大的世界》 共情　共同体

作者简介：曾桂娥，上海大学外国语学院教授，主要研究当代美国文学与命运共

同体；王凤云，上海大学文学院博士生，主要研究全球学。本文系国家社科基金项目

“科伦·麦凯恩的命运共同体书写研究”（18BWW042）的阶段性成果。

Title: The Shaping of Community in Let the Great World Spin

ABSTRACT: Contemporary Irish-American author Colum McCann takes 1970s’

New York City as the social background of his novel Let the Great World Spin, con-

structing collective memories by means of eleven interconnected stories, which reflect

the shared destiny of people through the “democracy of storytelling” . Through the use of

multi-voiced narrative and cosmopolitan conversation, McCann reveals the fragility of

human life, the interconnectedness of community, and the ethical responsibility of shap-

ing a shared community for humankind. McCann’s insight into human future in post — 9/11

society poses a plausible way to tackle certain crises in the processes of globalization.

Keywords: Colum McCann, Let the Great World Spin, empathy, community

Authors: Zeng Gui’e <zengguie@shu.edu.cn> is a professor of English at the

School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China (200444). Her

research focuses on contemporary American literature and community studies. Wang

Fengyun <wangfy6@126.com> is a PhD candidate at the College of Liberal Arts, Shang-

hai University, Shanghai, China (200444), specializing in global studies.

重铸 “山巅之城”： 

《说母语者》中的少数族裔政治空间重构

王　斐　林元富

内容提要：本文借鉴空间理论，以政治空间为着眼点，剖析《说母语者》中美国

白人宰制权力如何通过意识形态和国家机器的操弄，对少数族裔实施遏制和拒斥的

空间暴力，揭示了基于种族与信仰纯正性的政治空间之非正义性。通过解读韩裔政

治家姜约翰重铸彰显多元异质与空间正义的“山巅之城”所做的尝试及失败，本文为

了解美国政治空间变革的可能性及局限性提供一种视角。

关键词：《说母语者》 山巅之城 美国少数族裔 政治空间 空间正义

作者简介：王斐，集美大学外国语学院英语系副教授，博士，研究方向为美国亚

裔文学。此文为教育部人文社科研究项目（青年项目）“当代美国亚裔都市叙事中的

‘漫游者’空间政治研究”（19YJC752029）以及2018年福建省教育厅教育科研项目

（社科）“美国亚裔创伤叙事和历史书写研究”（JAS180186）阶段性成果；林元富，

福建师范大学外国语学院教授，博导，研究方向为美国后现代文学。

Titles: Remolding “The City Upon a Hill”: Reconstruction of Ethnic-Political Space

in Native Speaker

ABSTRACT: Drawing on established and emergent theories about space, this ar-

ticle, focusing on the political space in Chang-rae Lee’s Native Speaker, aims to first

analyze the exercise of spatial violence by dominant white power in the United States,

which both suppresses and rejects the ethnic minorities through the manipulation of ide-

ology and the state apparatus. By so doing, this article intends to reveal the injustice of an

established political space based upon racial purity and religious belief. Expounding the

Korean American politician John Kwang’s failure to remold “The City upon a Hill” via

heterogeneity and spatial justice, this article ventures a new perspective on the possibility

of renovating the established political space in the United States.

Keywords: Native Speaker, the City upon a Hill, American ethnic minorities, politi-

cal space, spatial justice

Authors: Wang Fei <sophiafeizizi@163.com> is an associate professor at the

School of Foreign Languages, Jimei University, Xiamen, China (361021), specializing

in Asian American literature. Lin Yuanfu <yuanfulin@fjnu.edu.cn> is a professor at the

Foreign Languages Institute, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China (350007), special-

izing in postmodern American literature.

“恐同 ”叙述的背后： 

《爱无可忍》中的另一种批判声音

李昆鹏

内容提要：本文结合酷儿理论、酷儿叙事理论以及修辞性叙事学理论的方法，探

讨《爱无可忍》主人公乔的叙述特征。本文认为，在“男性气质”焦虑的困扰下，乔

的思维带有“恐同”色彩，他的叙述充满了将同性恋人物杰德“他者化”和“常规化”

的特点，是一种发生在价值/判断轴上的不可靠叙述。通过对乔不可靠叙述的解构，

本文指出，在这一“恐同”叙述的背后，麦克尤恩传递了另一种声音，即对同性恋群

体境遇的同情，以及对“恐同”思维的批判。

关键词： 伊恩·麦克尤恩　《爱无可忍》　恐同　男性气质　不可靠叙述

作者简介：李昆鹏，首都师范大学博士生，北京建筑大学讲师，研究方向为文学

文体学。

Title: Behind the Homophobic Narration: Another Critical Voice in Enduring Love

ABSTRACT: This article explores the narrative of Joe, the protagonist in Ian Mc-

Ewan’s Enduring Love through queer theory, queer narrative theory and rhetorical narra-

tology. It argues that beneath his anxiety of masculinity, Joe has a homophobic mindset,

and that Joe’s narrative, particularly when it concerns his homosexual antagonist Jed, is

replete with otherness and normativity, which form a kind of unreliable narration, distort-

ing axes of ethics and evaluation. By deconstructing Joe’s unreliable narration, the article

points out that behind the novel’s homophobic narration, McEwan conveys another voice:

compassion for the homosexual community and criticism of the homophobic mindset.

Keywords: Ian McEwan, Enduring Love, homophobia, masculinity, unreliable narration

Author: Li Kunpeng <likunpeng_018@163.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at the

Capital Normal University, Beijing, China (100048) and a lecturer in Beijing University of

Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China (102612), specializing in literary stylistics.

抚慰灵魂 追寻意义

— 论俄国文学的“童年叙事”

王文毓

内容提要：童年是人生的初始阶段和永恒的心灵状态，具有独特的文学意义和

审美价值，成为俄罗斯作家反复吟咏的对象。“童年叙事”是作家从现实当下出发，

调动记忆对童年进行回溯、判断、考辨所形成的叙事。俄国文学的“童年叙事”勾勒

出一幅俄罗斯民族风情画长卷与民族心理解剖图，具有丰富的文学内蕴：对个体生

命过往的追怀、人生意义的思索，对集体生命的复现、时代语境的微缩，诉诸心灵的

沉湎、精神“彼岸”的构筑，是为个人情致与集体记忆的有机融合，隐现着“乌托邦”

理想与精神“彼岸”。作品的关注面虽各不相同，但最终都走向了灵魂的抚慰、意义

的追寻。

关键词：俄罗斯文学　童年叙事　精神求索　价值探寻

作者简介：王文毓，文学博士，厦门大学外文学院助理教授，厦门大学比较文学

与跨文化研究中心成员，主要从事俄国文学与西方文学理论研究。

Title: The Comfort of the Soul and the Pursuit of Meaning: On “Childhood Narra-

tion” in Russian Literature

ABSTRACT: Childhood is the initial stage of life and an eternal state of mind. As

a leitmotif in Russian literature, it has unique literary significance and aesthetic value.

“Childhood narrative” is a narrative formed by the writer from their present reality, mobi-

lizing memory to trace, scrutinize and reflect upon childhood. The “childhood narrative”

in Russian literature makes its mark on Russian customs and on the national psyche. The

“childhood narrative” has rich literary connotations, encompassing recollection of an in-

dividual past, contemplation of the meaning of life, representation of collective life, an

encapsulation of history, an appeal to the soul, and a construction of the spiritual “other

shore” . Such narratives organically interpolate individual sentiment with collective mem-

ory, with the utopian ideal and the spiritual “other shore” looming behind. Although such

works focus on different aspects, they all eventually arrive at the comfort of the soul and

the pursuit of meaning.

Keywords: Russian literature, childhood narrative, spiritual exploration, quest for

value

Author: Wang Wenyu <cbetaw@163.com> is a lecturer at the College of Foreign

Languages and Cultures and a member of the Center for Comparative Literature and

Transcultural Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China (361005). Her research areas

are Russian literature and western literary theory.

人类命运共同体建构：《人类灭绝》的叙事伦理

陈世华　李　红

内容提要：当代日本著名作家高野和明酝酿十年之久的超级科幻巨作《人类灭

绝》，营构了不同文明视域下、相似性伦理环境下人类主体的伦理诉求。本文运用叙

事学和文学伦理学相结合的方法，考察新人类与现代人类的伦理选择、伦理现场中

逐渐被淡忘的历史记忆以及伦理秩序建构的过程，揭示人类命运共同体宏大叙事建

构中体现出的叙事伦理多元化倾向。高野借用乌托邦式文明的形塑，批判了现代人

类的悖德意识，以还原历史真相的手法凸显出反战的伦理立场。“新人类”的人性之

善，与人类命运共同体的建构互为表征，共同勾勒出人类的一体性中熠熠生辉的人

性光芒，作品的道德指引和道德教诲价值得到良好诠释。

关键词：高野和明　《人类灭绝》　乌托邦　叙事伦理　命运共同体

作者简介：陈世华，文学博士，南京工业大学外国语言文学学院教授，研究方向

为日本近现代文学与文论。李红，南京工业大学外国语言文学学院硕士研究生，研

究方向为日本近现代文学。本文系江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“日本当

代科幻文学中的命运共同体研究”（KYCX20_1048）、江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重

大项目“日本‘海洋文学’及海洋教育研究”（2020SJZDA022）、江苏省社会科学基

金项目“日本疫情题材文学创作衍变与记忆研究”（20WWD005）的阶段性成果。

Title: Narrative Ethics in Constructing a Human Community of Shared Future: On

Takano Kazuaki’s Genocide

ABSTRACT: Genocide, written by the contemporary Japanese writer Takano Ka-

zuaki, is a science-fiction masterpiece. It addresses the ethical demands of the human in

the context of different civilizations with similar ethical environments. Through the lens

of ethical literary criticism, this article examines the ethical choices of the new human and

the modern human, historical memories in the ethical scene and the process of establishing

an ethical order. The article reveals the diverse tendencies of narrative ethics embodied in

the novel’s narration. Takano criticizes the immoral consciousness of modern humanity

by appealing to utopia, and his restoration of historical truth reflects his ethical anti-war

stance. The goodness of a “new humanity” in this novel, along with their construction of

a human community with a shared future, constitutes the moral guidance and instructive

value of the work.

Keywords: Takano Kazuaki, Genocide, utopia, narrative ethics, community of

shared future

Authors: Chen Shihua <csh@njtech.edu.cn> is a professor of Japanese at School of

Foreign Languages and Literature, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, China (211816),

specializing in early modern Japanese literature and literary theory. Li Hong is a graduate

student at the School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Nanjing TECH University,

specializing in modern Japanese literature.

《一个人的好天气》中的“恋物”及其治愈

— 兼谈日本当代年轻人生存现状

苏永怡

内容提要：在青山七惠芥川奖获奖作品《一个人的好天气》中，女主人公知寿第

一天寄住到舅姥姥家后，便偷偷潜入舅姥姥房间，开始了“偷窃”，在后文中，作者先

后六次直接描写知寿的偷窃行为。本文将探究知寿不断重复的“偷窃”行为背后的

隐藏含义，分析其“恋物”运作机制，并探析这一反常行为的具体原因及其治愈，同

时管窥日本当代年轻人生存现状。

关键词： 青山七惠　《一个人的好天气》　恋物癖　治愈

作者简介：苏永怡，中国社会科学院外国文学研究所编辑，北京语言大学比较文

学与世界文学专业博士研究生，主要从事当代日本文学研究。

Title: Fetishism and Its Healing: Aoyama Nanae’s Hitori Biyori and the Living Situ-

ation of Contemporary Japanese Young People

ABSTRACT: In Aoyama Nanae’s award-winning novel Hitori Biyori, the heroine,

Mita Tizu, secretly sneaks into her grandma’s room, and begins to “steal” . The novel de-

scribes six cases of Tizu’s stealing. This article explores the hidden motives behind Tizu’s

repeated “stealing” and its subsequent healing in order to investigate the current living

situation of contemporary Japanese youth.

Keywords: Aoyama Nanae, Hitori Biyori, fetishism, cure

Author: Su Yongyi <yongyisu@163.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at Beijing Language

and Culture University, also an editor of CASS, Beijing, China (100732), specializing in

contemporary Japanese literature.

文化杂糅下的身份危机

— 评萨利赫的《向北迁徙的季节》

蒋翃遐　方　敏

内容提要：当代苏丹作家萨利赫长期游走于西方社会和阿拉伯世界，擅长书写

不同民族之间的文化冲突，探究他们在烛照自我与解读他者时生发的文化镜像。本

文将结合霍米·巴巴的杂糅身份理论，讨论萨利赫的小说《向北迁徙的季节》中主人

公穆斯塔法和无名叙述者在后殖民时期所面临的身份危机，揭示出阿拉伯社会利用

殖民者的文化杂糅行为，维护自己的权利，挑战殖民主义统治的可行性。

关键词： 萨利赫　《向北迁徙的季节》　文化杂糅　身份危机

作者简介：蒋翃遐，文学博士，兰州大学外国语学院教授，主要从事英语文学与

叙事学研究。方敏，兰州大学外国语学院硕士研究生，研究方向为英美文学。

Title: Cultural Hybridity and Identity Crisis in Tayeb Salih’s Season of Migration to

the North

ABSTRACT: Living between western society and the Arabic world, contemporary

Sudanese writer Tayeb Salih is adept at depicting both the cultural conflicts between

different societies and the divergent cultural images formed by different peoples reading

themselves and others. His Season of Migration to the North is a case in point. Based on

Homi K. Bhabha’s theorization of hybrid identity, this article discusses the identity crisis

experienced by Salih’s protagonist Mustafa and the anonymous narrator of the novel set in

the postcolonial period, arguing that Arabic society exploits colonizers’ cultural hybridity

to challenge colonialism and maintain its own rights.

Keywords: Tayeb Salih, Season of Migration to the North, cultural hybridity, identi-

ty crisis

Authors: Jiang Hongxia <jianghx66@ sina.com> is a professor of English at the

School of Foreign Languages, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (730000), specializ-

ing in English literature and narratology. Fang Min <fangm2019@ lzu.edu.cn> is a post-

graduate candidate of English at the School of Foreign Languages, Lanzhou University,

specializing in British and American literature.

论加缪戏剧的“残酷性”

陈　娟　刘成富

内容提要：法国作家加缪及其作品一直备受国内外学术界的关注，但大多数研

究重点集中在作者的小说和哲学散文上，鲜有戏剧作品的相关研究出现。戏剧作为

加缪文学创作的重要组成部分，不仅在文学体系和思想体系中有着不容忽视的地位

和作用，而且具有极高的美学价值和思想启示。本文以加缪的戏剧作品为研究对象，

深刻揭示加缪戏剧深受法国先锋派戏剧理论家阿尔托的影响。加缪在保留传统戏剧

语言风格的同时，进一步拓展了“残酷戏剧”的深度与广度，并使之上升到一个全新

的形而上的哲理高度。

关键词：加缪　阿尔托　戏剧　“残酷性”　瘟疫

作者简介：陈娟，大连外国语大学法语学院讲师，南京大学外国语学院博士研究

生，主要从事法国文学研究。刘成富，南京大学外国语学院教授，主要从事法国文学

和国际问题研究。本文系教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“加缪原创戏剧研

究”（18YJC752002）以及辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目“加缪原创戏剧伦理思想研

究”（2017JYT24）的阶段性成果。

Title: “Cruelty” in Camus’s Plays

ABSTRACT: Despite sustained academic attention on Albert Camus and his works

of fiction and philosophy, his dramatic works have been largely neglected. Drama, a sig-

nificant part of Camus’ literary creation, not only plays an important role in his writing

career, but also shows high aesthetic value and philosophical significance. Through tex-

tual analysis and comparison, this article intends to reveal how Camus’s plays are deeply

influenced by the French avant-garde theorist of theatre, Antonin Artaud. While retaining

the traditional style of dramatic language, Camus expands the depth and breadth of the

theatre of cruelty, and raises it to new metaphysical heights.

Keywords: Albert Camus, Antonin Artaud, drama, theatre of cruelty, plague

Authors: Chen Juan <cjfrancais@163.com> is a lecturer at the School of French

Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Liaoning, China (116044) and a Ph.D.

candidate at the School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China (210023).

Her major research area is French literature. Liu Chengfu <lcf0011@sina.com> is a pro-

fessor at the School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China (210023). His

research focuses on French literature and international studies.

流亡与还乡

— 论《普宁》的主题兼及纳博科夫的文化立场

王立峰

内容提要：在小说《普宁》中，纳博科夫塑造了一个看似举止可笑实则内心高贵

的俄国流亡知识分子形象，通过叙述视角的变化以及反讽、戏仿等修辞技巧的应用，

将流亡的主题最终升华成现代人普遍的精神困境，进而回应了浪漫主义时代以来就

已经开启的还乡话题。小说的形式与主题互为表里，共同构成了文本的深层内涵，

其中不仅体现了纳博科夫的文化立场，更折射出他对历史及人类命运的思考。

关键词：纳博科夫　《普宁》　流亡　还乡　文化立场

作者简介：王立峰，南京大学文学院助理研究员，主要从事中外文学比较研究。

Title: Exile and Spiritual Return: On the Subject of Pnin and Nabokov’s Cultural

Stand

ABSTRACT: In his novel Pnin, Vladimir Nabokov creates an exiled Russian intel-

lectual who appears to be farcical but is actually noble in heart. Applying narrative and

rhetorical techniques such as irony, parody and paralepsis, the novel elevates its topic

from exile to the modern individual’s spiritual dilemma. The complementary theme and

style of Pnin reveal Nabokov’s literary vision and his reflections on art, history and hu-

man destiny.

Keywords: Vladimir Nabokov, Pnin, exile, spiritual return, cultural stand

Author: Wang Lifeng <lfwang@nju.edu.cn> is an assistant researcher in the

School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210023), specializing in

comparative literature.

苏珊·桑塔格论阐释

崔玮崧

内容提要：在桑塔格的理论体系中，阐释是人类理解事物做出的积极努力，事物

是可以被阐释的。但对艺术作品内容与形式的失衡性阐释会成为过度阐释滋长的温

床，人们同时也应该对转换型和隐喻化的阐释方式保持警惕。桑塔格为语言创作者

因受困于语言的不可靠性而颇感担忧，因而鼓励人们重视静默的力量以恢复语言的

张力。艺术家选择中止创作而踏入完全崭新的领域和直白创作手法的呈现都是静默

在文学中的重要体现。在静默的众多功用之中，桑塔格着重强调了阻隔性功用，即

创作者借由静默可以从尘世的眼光和历史的重压中抽离出来，更加自由而专心地投

入创作。

关键词：苏珊·桑塔格　阐释　静默　隐喻

作者简介：崔玮崧，华东政法大学外语学院讲师，主要研究方向为美国文学理论。

Title: Susan Sontag’s Reflections on Interpretation

ABSTRACT: In Susan Sontag’s theoretical system, interpretation is an active effort

made by humans to understand things. However, interpretations that place more emphasis

on artistic content over form can easily become overinterpretations. Sontag reminds peo-

ple to pay attention to the side effects of interpretation, its transformational capacity and

its improper metaphors. Realizing that writers are trapped by the unreliability of language,

she encourages people to value the power of silence, which manifests itself in the artist’s

break in creation and in the rhetorical device of literalness. The power of silence enables

artistic creators to focus on their works, free from the anxiety of influence and secular

expectations.

Keywords: Susan Sontag, interpretation, silence, metaphor

Author: Cui Weisong <bchebbc@163.com> is a lecturer at the School of Foreign

Studies, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China (201620).

Her research interest lies in American literary theory.

《石神》中技术的死亡政治面孔

林少晶

内容提要：《石神》中进步的完美乌托邦图景掩盖其新自由主义资本主义社会的

死亡政治本质，这从其管理制度中便可略知一二，这些管理举措同样也揭示资本贪

婪的本性。死亡权力的运作通过技术的手段得以全面渗透：基因编辑和子宫外生育

等生命权力表面上是为了改善人类的生命，实则是干预人类的进化，将人类暴露于

更危险的未知之中，也将危及女性的未来；与此同时，不管是技术无意识为主导的全

自动化生活方式、还是“数据挖掘技术”，又或是芯片植入的监督技术，所有这些皆为

死亡政治的治理术。这些技术手段不仅将人类非人化，同时将人类逐渐从具体现实

转变成抽象概念，进而将人类推向死亡之境。

关键词： 珍妮特·温特森　《石神》　技术　死亡政治

作者简介：林少晶，浙江大学人文学院世界文学与比较文学2017级博士生，主

要从事当代英国文学研究。

Title: The Necro-Political Faces of Technology in The Stone Gods

ABSTRACT: The progressive and perfect utopian picture in The Stone Gods covers

up the necro-political nature of its neo-liberal capitalist society, which can be seen from

its governance system, and these governance measures also reveal the voracious nature of

capital. The operation of necro-power is fully established via technological means. The

bio-genetic technology such as genetic editing and birth outside the womb are ostensibly

designed to improve human life, but they in fact interfere with human evolution, expos-

ing human beings to more dangerous uncertainties and endangering women’s future.

Meanwhile, whether it is a fully automated lifestyle dominated by the technological un-

consciousness, or “data mining technology”, or the monitoring technology of chip implan-

tation, all these, together with bio-genetic technology, constitute a necro-political gover-

nance. These technologies not only dehumanize humanity, but also gradually transform

it, subtracting from humanity a concrete existence and instead rendering it an abstract

concept, and thus driving humanity to destruction.

Keywords: Jeanette Winterson, The Stone Gods, technology, necro-politics

Author: Lin Shaojing <lshaojing@163.com> is a doctoral student at the School of

Humanities, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (310000). Her major research area is

contemporary British literature.

故事也能改变世界”：《枕头人》中的故事与事件

徐晓妮

内容提要：马丁·麦克多纳的《枕头人》运用故事套故事的手法讲述了一名作家

因儿童虐杀案与其故事情节相似而受审并最终被处决的故事。双层叙事中的故事导

致一系列事件的发生，显示出作为文学表现形式之一的故事对现实的作用力。文学

事件也强调文学对现实的影响，因而从文学事件的视角出发，本文通过具体分析该

剧作者的创作、文本的生成和阅读的操演，揭示《枕头人》是一部具有事件性的文学

作品。借助故事，麦克多纳对社会罪行、集权专制进行了政治批判，对弱小者给予伦

理关怀，同时引导读者积极参与文学事件，对故事做出理性解读。

关键词：马丁·麦克多纳　《枕头人》　故事　事件　文学事件

作者简介：徐晓妮，安徽财经大学文学院副教授，主要从事英美现当代戏剧研

究。本文系国家社科基金艺术学重大项目“当代欧美戏剧理论前沿问题研究”（项目

编号：18ZD06）的阶段性成果。

Title: “Stories May Change the World”: Storytelling and Event in The Pillowman

ABSTRACT: Martin McDonagh’s The Pillowman dramatizes a writer’s interroga-

tion and execution through the similarity between his stories and the real maltreatment of

children. The stories that constitute the two-layer narration culminate in a series of events,

showing the impact of storytelling on reality. This theme is consistent with the literary

event’s emphasis on the influence of literature on reality. Based on the concept of literary

event, this essay explores the eventness of the play from three aspects, namely the creation

of the writer, the becoming of the text and the performance of the reader. Through story-

telling, McDonagh criticizes social crimes and authoritarian power, showing an ethical

concern for the weak, and leads readers to participate in the literary event and form their

own interpretation of the stories.

Keywords: Matin McDonagh, The Pillowman, storytelling, event, literary event

Author: Xu Xiaoni <545255799@qq.com> is an associate professor at the School

of Languages and Media, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Anhui, China

(233030), specializing in contemporary British and American drama.

流动的身份

— 论盖尔·琼斯《六十盏灯》中的家、旅行与跨文化去\来

张成成

内容提要：《六十盏灯》是当代澳大利亚小说家盖尔·琼斯“跨国写作”的鲜明

代表之一，以凸显人物身份的流动性表达家、旅行与“跨文化去\来”的主题。露西流

动的“家”使其身份的差异性显现，海上旅行使她寻求身份的同一性。露西始终进行

“跨文化去\来”的交往实践，寻求“接触地带”，展演“矛盾主体立场话语”、 “关联性话

语”及“情境性话语”的叙事。作为新维多利亚小说中的人物，露西的身份超越了空

间和时间，文化身份建构的矛盾和焦虑不断被消解，终成“环球行者”和“未来之女”

的独特存在。

关键词：盖尔·琼斯　《六十盏灯》　旅行　“跨文化去\来”　身份　流动性

作者简介：张成成，华东师范大学外语学院博士生，主要研究澳大利亚文学、英

美文学和外国女性文学。

Title: The Mobility of Identity: Home, Travel and Intercultural Fort\da in Gail

Jones’s Sixty Lights

ABSTRACT: The Australian writer Gail Jones excels at “transnational writing” and

Sixty Lights is one prominent example. The novel explores the themes of home, travel and

“intercultural fort\da” by highlighting the fluidity of identity. Lucy changes her “home”

frequently only to showcase the difference of her identity, and her three journeys across

the ocean construct her identity within the sameness. Hence Lucy carries out the practice

of “intercultural fort\da,” pursuing “the contact zone,” which exemplifies “contradictory

subject positions,” “relationality,” and “situationality.” In this neo-Victorian novel, Lu-

cy’s identity transcends space and time, dispelling the contradictions and anxieties in the

construction of her cultural identity. She finally becomes a unique “global traveller” and a

“woman of the future.”

Keywords: Gail Jones, Sixty Lights, travel, “intercultural fort\da”, identity, mobility

Author: Zhang Chengcheng <zhangcc6922@126.com> is a Ph.D. student in the

School of Foreign Languages, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China (200241),

specializing in Australian literature, English literature and foreign women’s literature.

批评何为？

— 重探萨伊德的批评思想

石涎蔚

内容提要：文本指出，萨伊德批评“纯化”研究，批判“东方主义”，目的是为了建

立一种多元的文学和文化发展观，并揭示一种深层的、与知识生产、权力政治、文化

抵抗血脉相连的压迫性话语。萨伊德希望通过文学与文化批评达成非强制性知识和

实现作为“社会性”的人的自由和解放。重新探析萨伊德的批评思想，可以为“何为

批评”与“批评何为”提供可能的视角、方法和经验。

关键词：萨伊德　差异　流亡　世俗批评　民主批评

作者简介：石涎蔚，首都师范大学文学院博士生，主要研究方向为当代西方文论

和文化研究。

Title: What Is Criticism For?: An Exploration of Edward Said’s Ideas on Literary

and Cultural Criticism

ABSTRACT: The article proposes that Edward Said criticized the hegemony of

western culture for the purpose of constructing a path of secular criticism, neo-humanism,

neo-philology and democratic criticism, so as to reveal a deeply embedded discourse of

oppression inextricably related to the production of knowledge, the politics of power, and

cultural resistance. Said engaged in the politics of resistance to achieve the liberation and

freedom of mankind. Through a re-examination of Said’s ideas on literary and cultural

criticism, we may gain a possible approach to the important questions of what criticism is

and what criticism is for.

Keywords: Edward Said, difference, exile, secular criticism, democratic criticism

Author: Shi Xianwei <shixianwei2008@163.com> is a Ph.D. candidate at the

Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Capital Normal University, Beijing,

China (100048), specializing in contemporary western literary theory and cultural studies.

祛序与重构：阿尔比戏剧《三个我》中的主体之思

张　雅

内容提要：阿尔比封笔之作《三个我》再次聚焦“我是谁”这一重要母题，对主

体身份展开祛序与重构的戏剧推演。本文依据福柯哲学中的“异托邦”、 “认识型”和

“自我关注”三个概念，解读剧中阿尔比对主体身份的拆解、祛序和重构，透视其创作

末期对主体存在的哲学伦理思考。通过自我关注和言说重构主体身份，正是本剧中

阿尔比主体之思的关键点，与福柯晚期哲学中的主体思想有着一定程度的理论契合。

此外，阿尔比也主张从文化他者那里获得主体重塑的转机。

关键词： 阿尔比 《三个我》　“异托邦”　“认识型”　“自我关注”　主体重构

作者简介：张雅，南京大学外国语学院博士研究生，西北大学外国语学院讲师，

研究方向为英美文学。本文为国家社会科学基金重点项目“启蒙文学经典与国家

认同研究”（16AWW003）、陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目 “阿尔比笔下的‘真

实— 爱德华·阿尔比戏剧意识形态研究”（17JK0748）的阶段性成果。

Title: Deconstruction and Reconfiguration: Albee’s Thoughts on the Subject in Me,

Myself & I

ABSTRACT: Returning to the repeatedly addressed question of “Who am I?”,

Edward Albee’s last play, Me, Myself & I, stages a theatrical experiment, disassembling

and reconfiguring the subjective identity, and embodies the playwright’s philosophical

thinking and ethical weighing up of the question. In light of Michel Foucault’s thoughts

on “heterotopias”, “episteme”, and “care of the self”, this paper demonstrates how Albee

disassembles, deconstructs, and reconfigures the concept of subjective existence. Follow-

ing the playwright’s artistic interrogation and philosophical reflection of the concept, the

paper argues that Albee’s deconstruction and reconfiguration of the subject through self-

care and self-enunciation correspond to the philosophical illumination of the subject in the

later philosophy of Foucault.

Keywords: Edward Albee, Me, Myself & I, heterotopias, episteme, care of the self,

reconfiguration of the subject

Author: Zhang Ya <arilyy@sina.cn> is a Ph.D. candidate at the School of Foreign

Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210023), and a lecturer at the School of For-

eign Studies, Northwest University, Xi’an, China (710127), specializing in English and

American literature.